Amino acids Flashcards
What functional groups does an amino acid contain?
Amino group and carboxylic acid group
Amino acids can combine in what type of reaction?
A condensationreaction
If 2 amino acids combine what is produced?
A dipeptide
If 2 different types of amino acids combine what will be produced?
2 different types of dipeptide
What is produced when more than 2 amino acids combine?
A polypeptide which leads to protein formation
What does R represent in…
Glycine (2-aminoethanoicacid)
Alanine (2-aminopropanoicacid)
Serine (2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoicacid)
Glycine- H
Alanine- CH3
Serine- CH2OH
What is a primary protein structure?
The precise sequence of amino acids in the protein chain - many sequences with different amino acids
What is. Secondary protein structure
How parts of the protein fold up to form an alpha helix (held in shape by hydrogen bonds involving peptide link) or a beta pleated sheet (paper shape stabilised by hydrogen bonds between amino acids in different polypeptide chains)
Results in hydrogen bonding
Occurs between N-H and C=O groups of polypeptide chains
What is a tertiary protein structure
Proteins as a whole and the way in which alpha helices and beta pleated sheets of protein fold with respect to eachother
This structure is held together by interactions eg
Intramolecular- covalent and ionic bonds
Intermolecular - VDW and H bonds
Draw acids hydrolysis of peptide/amide link
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Draw alkaline hydrolysis of peptide/amide link
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What do amino acids predominantly exist as and what are these?
Zwitterions: these are internal sales and neutral molecules
Draw a zwitterion
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Draw the zwitterionic nature of amino acids in acidic conditions
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Draw the zwitterionic nature of amino acids in alkaline conditions
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