Soft tissue skin infections Flashcards
Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI)
bacterial infections of the skin, muscles, and connective tissue such as ligaments and tendons
Abscesses
a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body
Cellulitis
affects the middle layer of the skin (dermis) and the tissues below. Sometimes, muscle below the skin can be affected.
Folliculitis
inflammation of one or more hair follicles. It can occur anywhere on the skin
Common pathogen associated with soft tissue infections, abscesses, cellulitis, and folliculitis
Staphylococcus aureus
Sources of endogenous wounds and abscesses
1) dental infections, osteomyelitis, cellulitis, other internal infections
2) nosocomial infections acquired after invasive procedures, surgery
3) hematogenous spread
4) ruptured viscera (e.g large intestine)
Examples of pathogens found in wounds and abscesses
Pasturella maltocida - animal bites
Capnocytophaga spp- animal bites
Neisseria spp- cat bites
S. anginousus - neck and head abscesses
S. aureus - very common
S. pyogenes- common too
P. aureginosa
most infections are polymicrobial
Lymphocutaneous- subcutaneous nodules that progress along dermal and lymphatic vessels
Sporothrix
Nocardia
Leishmania (cutaneous and mucocutaneous)- PCR and histopath
Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis
M. marinum
M. chelonae
M. fortuitum
M. leprae
M. ulcerans
Superficial cellulitis
S. pyogenes
S. aureus
Erysipelothrix spp.
Francisella tularensis-tularemia-ulcer is accompanied by swelling of regional lymph glands, usually in the armpit or groin. Dead animals (rodents, rabbits) or infected brown tick or deer fly
Mycetoma-destructive subcutaneous infection
Actinomycosis: A. Israelii
Streptomyces
Dematiaceus molds
Ecthyma gangrenosum - necrotic (black) ulcers/painful lesions
Classic pathogen: PsA
Vesicular lesions (pus and pimple-like)
HSV-Herpes
VZV-Varicella
Enteroviruses-Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
petechial rash
pinpoint non-blanching spots that measure less than 2 mm in size
invasive meningococcal disease- N. meningitidis
Scarlet fever-Step pyogenes
Rocky Mountain Spotted fever- Rickettsia rickettsii-Brown tick
Infective endocarditis
Maculopapular rash
Flat or raised diffused rash
measles - Morbillivirus hominis
rubella - Rubella virus
roseola-human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)
or other viral illnesses
