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P.E Sport and Society > Sociology - Women > Flashcards

Sociology - Women Flashcards

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1
Q

What is gender?

A

The biological aspect of a person, either a male or female.

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2
Q

What is sexism?

A

The belief that one sex is inferior to the other, usually against women.

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3
Q

What barriers prevent women from participating in sport?

A
  • Fewer role models.
  • Fewer opportunities to become professional.
  • Low levels of self-esteem.
  • Body image issues.
  • Lack of leisure time, work or domestic responsibilities.
  • Lack of disposable income.
  • Fewer competitions / clubs available.
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4
Q

Suggest what sports women appear most frequently in on TV or in the media.

A
  • Tennis
  • Athletics
  • Football
  • Cricket
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5
Q

What impacts does increased media coverage in sports such as tennis have on women’s sports?

A

Increased coverage leads to more role models to aspire to which ultimately increases their participation in sport.

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6
Q

What are solutions to barriers on gender participation?

A
  • Laws against sexual discrimination.
  • Shared domestic responsibilities means more leisure time.
  • Improved childcare provision (creches).
  • Increased media coverage of women’s sport.
  • Education to reject stereotypes.
  • Improved PE provision in schools.
  • Providing more opportunities to join clubs and play.
  • Making changing rooms and facilities clean and attractive.
  • Promoting women’s sport through Sport England and WSFF.
  • Movements such as ‘This Girl Can’
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7
Q

How do equal opportunities increase female participation in football and why has this changed?

A

Many schools now run both boys and girls teams, there is now a Women’s Super League to match the EPL. This has changed because society has become more equal and liberal.

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8
Q

How do increased media coverage of women’s football increase female participation in football and why has this changed?

A

The Women’s World Cup is broadcast on terrestrial television, WSL matches are shown on Sky Sports. This has changed due to increased demand to see women’s football.

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9
Q

How do more female role models increase female participation in football and why has this changed?

A

Players such as Karen Bardsley and Steph Houghton are becoming role models for the younger generations. This has changed because media corporations have promoted Women’s football and created role models.

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10
Q

How does more free time increase female participation in football and why has this changed?

A

Women are no longer stereotyped as the primary caregiver in the family, allowing them more time to play sport. This has changed because society has moved away from traditional stereotypes regarding women.

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11
Q

How does more chance to participate increase female participation in football and why has this changed?

A

Girls can now participate both at schools as well as at local clubs. The FA has realised the potential for women’s football and created more opportunities within a club structure.

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12
Q

How do more provision through school PE programmes increase female participation in football and why has this changed?

A

Girl’s football is now a part of Physical Education in many schools in the UK. This has changed because society has requested equal opportunities for girls in schools.

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13
Q

The emergence of female officials in football has been slow but is now encouraging, largely due to the ‘Women’s Referee Development Pathway’, What is this?

A

This is the body created by the FA for female referees, it helps to develop referees from a grassroots level, all the way up to the Women’s Super League.

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14
Q

What is often called the global leader of female sports?

A

Tennis.

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15
Q

How has tennis become a global leader in terms of female sport?

A
  • Equal pay for women at Grand Slam events.
  • The creation of role models such as Serena Williams.
  • Similar media coverage to males (TV / newspapers).
  • A successful, commercialised Women’s Tour (WTA).
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16
Q

Identify any myths about women which may negatively affect their participation in sport or physical activity?

A
  • Physical capabilities ((lack of strength / power).
  • Psychological capabilities (lack of aggression / determination).
  • Skill levels (less entertaining to watch).
  • Traditional or domestic childcare roles (maternal only).
17
Q

Gender (Definition):

A

The biological aspect of a person, either a male or a female.

18
Q

Sexism (Definition):

A

The belief that one sex is inferior to the other, usually women.

19
Q

What are the barriers that are present for female participation in sports?

A
  • Fewer role models;
  • Fewer sponsorship opportunities;
  • Negative impact of school PE programmes;
  • Low levels of self-esteem;
  • Lack of leisure time;
  • Channelling into ‘female’ sports;
  • Fewer competitions and clubs available.
20
Q

What are the solutions that can be used for female participation in sports?

A
  • Laws to make sexual discrimination acts illegal;
  • More working women increases disposable income;
  • Shared domestic responsibilities for more free time;
  • Improved childcare provision at leisure centres;
  • Increased media coverage and sponsorships;
  • Education to reject stereotypes;
  • Campaigns to promote sport.
21
Q

What two large things do tennis do to target gender stereotypes?

A
  • Equal competition pay;

- Mixed doubles.

22
Q

What adaptation has been made to netball to encourage more people into the game?

A

Fast Fives.

23
Q

What is the WSFF?

A

Women’s Sport and Fitness Foundation, aiming to get more women involved in sport regularly.

24
Q

What does the WSFF do to increase participation?

A

Funding for movements:

  • ‘I Will If You Will’;
  • ‘Women in Sport’;
  • ‘Active Women’;
  • ‘Breeze’;
  • ‘Back to Netball’;
  • ‘Us Girls’;
  • ‘This Girl Can’
25
Q

What is the StreetGames doing right now?

A

Providing affordable, low-cost sessions within the neighbourhood of communities so travel is less of an issue.

26
Q

What are the StreetGames?

A

A project aimed at the disadvantaged to strengthen the commitment to ‘doorstep’ sport. They are attempting to overcome the issues surrounding participation in the lower socio-economic groups in society.

27
Q

The following sports are traditionally identified with different classes. Identify which class these sports are traditionally associated with:

  • Football
  • Cricket
  • Basketball
  • Rugby
  • Golf
  • Running
A 
Football = Working;
Cricket = Middle-Upper;
Basketball = Working;
Rugby = Middle;
Golf = Upper;
Running = Working.
28
Q

How many NGBs are supported by Sport England?

A

There are 46 core NGBs funded by Sport England.

29
Q

What do NGBs do?

A

They submit Whole Sport Plans to Sport England detailing how funding will be used to increase participation and to improve elite performances.

30
Q

British Rowing is an NGB which put out a Whole Sport Plan to Sport England, what was this plan and what did it aim to do?

A

Rowability - a partnership with disability organisations to establish adapted rowing centres.

31
Q

What agencies tend to be involved in or with CSPs? (2)

A
  • Sport England;
  • Youth Sport Trust;
  • Schools;
  • Local Authorities;
  • Other Local Partners.
32
Q

What does Sport England do? (1)

A

Works to increase the number of people who play sport regularly.

33
Q

Where do Sport England get their funding from and how much does it get?

A

Funds are received from the Government, the Exchequer and the National Lottery. Receiving a funding of over $200 million per year.

34
Q

State three of Sport England’s current initiatives and who they are aimed at. (3)

A
  • This Girl can;
  • Sportivate;
  • Sporting Champions;
  • Creating a sporting habit for life.

P.E Sport and Society (11 decks)

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