Sociology-social class identity

Question 1

define what stratification means

Answer 1

the division of society into a hierarchy in ordered layers, these exist in capitalist society and most of the time the most privilege will be at the top and the least privileged will be at the bottom.

Question 2

define what cultural capital is

Answer 2

someones leisure interests

Question 3

define what social capital is

Answer 3

The people you know, social networks, and connections

Question 4

define what economic capital is

Answer 4

How much wealth do you have?

Question 5

What is social class?

Answer 5

It’s the system of stratification that places people in different positions in society. There are three divisions the upper class, middle class, and lower class.

Question 6

what is the theoretical approach ?

Answer 6

Marixts suggests that there are only 2 social groups,
-Those who own the means of production (ruling class and the upper class)
-Those who need to sell their labor power (working class)

Question 7

What is the descriptive approach?

Answer 7

The Registrar Generals scale uses a person’s occupation to measure class.
It’s derived from if the occupation is manual/non-manual.

Question 8

What is the subjective approach?

Answer 8

Asking people to rate themselves.

Question 9

What is the objective approach ?

Answer 9

Uses a measurement of class by asking respondents questions based on indicators such as income and occupation.

Question 10

Features of the traditional upper class?

Answer 10

-The aristocracy (ascribed status)
-Have economic, social, and cultural capital.
-smallest group in society
-Old school tie network

Question 11

Features of the super-rich?

Answer 11

-Jet set pop aristocracy
-Entrepurinal rich
-Achieved status
-Economic and social capital

Question 12

Features of the middle class?

Answer 12

-Achieved a high level of education
-White collar jobs
-High level of social mobility
-

Question 13

Features of the new middle class?

Answer 13

-Has fragmented
-More manual occupations have become popular with this class
-Grown in social mobility
-Have a focus on consumerism

Question 14

Features of the working class?

Answer 14

-Manual(unskilled) labour
-Traditional gender roles in the family
-live for the moment; immediate gratification mindsets
-Strong community

Question 15

Features of the new working class?

Answer 15

-Rise in homeowners
-Lives becoming more private
-Increased afflowence

Question 16

Features of the underclass?

Answer 16

-Murray claims u/c are lazy, work-shy, immoral, criminal, and dependent.
-Most deprived class
-Large areas for criminality.

Question 17

Traditional upper class
Workplace- Macintosh& Mooney

Answer 17

Link occupation to how individuals in society are judged.
The better occupation you have the
more respected you will be

Question 18

Traditional upper class
Peer groups - Scott

Answer 18

-Scott
-Argues that lifelong friendships are created when these affective children attend prestigious private schools where they maintain this networking for a long time. Creating the ‘Old boy network’

Question 19

Traditional upper class
Family- Scott

Answer 19

-Scott
-‘Social Clousre’
Argues c/c have wealthy extended family and continue doing inter-marriages so other social classes don’t mix with the u/c

Question 20

Traditional upper class
High culture

Answer 20

Argues that media and high culture can influence education, can serve as advantage to u/c.

Question 21

Traditional upper class
Education - Kenway

Answer 21

-Kenway
- Argues prestigious schools help maintain the u/c identities of self esteem and their status.

Question 22

Middle class
Family - King& Raynor

Answer 22

-King and Raynor
-Argue family encourage values deferred gratification and that child centeredness is a distinctive feature of a m/c identity.

Question 23

Middle class
Bourdieu - Education

Answer 23

-Bourdieu
-‘Hidden curriculam’ & ‘Cultrual capital’
Argues hidden curriculum rewards m/c values as the school environment is similar to that of home. This advantaged children giving us the term cultural capital.

Question 24

Middle class
Peer group - Goodwin

Answer 24

-Goodwin
-Argues concept of ‘yummy mummies’, that m/c value deferred gratification and need peer approval for their self-esteem.

Question 25

Middle class
Media- Saunders

Answer 25

-Saunders
-‘Conspicuous consumption’
Argues media targets individuals who have disposable income, they buy things to show off.

Question 26

Middle class
Workplace- Wright

Answer 26

• Wright
• Argues how there is a contradictory class position where the upper and middle classes control the working class but the upper class also has power over the middle class.

Question 27

Working class
Family - Willis

Answer 27

-Willis
Argues that children will follow their father’s careers and neglect their education for a job.
-Working-class lads value amusing themselves an adopt anti-school attitudes.

Question 28

Working class
Workplace - Mac&Ghail

Answer 28

• Mac and Ghail
  Argued that deindustrialisation led to a ‘crisis in masculinity’ as blue-collar jobs were fading out

Question 29

Working class
Edu- Bowles&Gintis

Answer 29

-Bowles and Gintis
Argues the hidden curriculum
transmits ruling class values disguised as common values, teaching w/c children to be obedient and passive.

Question 30

Working class
Media - Mertens&D’Haenes

Answer 30

• Mertens and D’Haenes
  Argued there is a digital inequality between classes.

Question 31

Underclass
Murray

Answer 31

Murray
Argues against underclass
- Describes them as lazy, work-shy, immoral, criminal, and dependent on benefits.