Sociology of Gender

Question 1

A true requirement of a job, meriting a possible discriminatory effect

Answer 1

Bona fide occupational requirements

Question 2

a job that is traditionally considered to be women’s work.

Answer 2

Pink collar job

Question 3

The work performed to maintain emotional ties and harmony, to produce comfort and ease in family members

Answer 3

emotion work

Question 4

Difference between emotion work and emotion labor

Answer 4

Emotional labor is performed as part of an employment relationship, while emotion work is performed in the private sphere

Question 5

Arlie Hoschild is known for theorizing

Answer 5

Emotional labor

Question 6

The performance of workplace tasks primarily aimed at displaying agreeable emotion (pleasant, friendly) and producing emotional states (comfort, ease) in others

Answer 6

emotion labor

Question 7

Warren Farrel’s term for the clustering of male workers within hazardous occupations

Answer 7

the glass cellar

Question 8

6 explanations of the wage gap

Answer 8

1. Gendered educational streams
2. Feminization of occupations
3. Job tenure and experience
4. Family responsibilies
5. Difference work patterns
6. Workplace discrimination

Question 9

6 solutions to the gendered wage gap

Answer 9

1. Employment equity legislation
2. Pay equity legislation
3. Family friendly workplace policies
4. Cultural changes that address gender stereotypes
5. Cultural changes that address separate spheres arrangement
6. Cultural changes that address devaluation of women’s work

Question 10

A term coined in the 1980s by Justice Rosalie Abella to describe a process of planning for full workplace integration of Canada’s four equity-seeking groups

Answer 10

Employment equity

Question 11

Canada’s four equity-seeking groups

Answer 11

women, aboriginal peoples, visible minorities and people with disabilities

Question 12

Harrison Pope’s term for the increasing body image concerns and poor self-image seen among boys and men, manifesting as eating disorders and muscle dysmorphia

Answer 12

Adonis complex

Question 13

when men feel they should be bigger whereas when they are on their own they are actually quite happy with themselves.

Answer 13

Locker room syndrome

Question 14

the prolonged treatment of one who has a mental capacity greater than that of a child as though he or she is a child.

Answer 14

infantilization

Question 15

taking on the outsider perspective of one’s body

Answer 15

self-objectification

Question 16

the singling out of women by gender in ways that make them uncomfortable

Answer 16

Spotlighting

Question 17

shift in which words take on more negative connotations or denotations. For example, the word mistress was once the female counterpart of mister but has taken on negative meanings not matched by its male counterpart.

Answer 17

Semantic deregation

Question 18

express tentativeness

Answer 18

hedging

Question 19

use words or make sounds that confirm listening and encourage the speaker to continue speaking

Answer 19

backchanneling

Question 20

4 main barriers to emotional intimacy among men:

Answer 20

1. Competition
2. Need to be in control
3. Homophobia
4. Lack of skills and positive role models for male intimacy