Sociology Midterm P2 Flashcards
social interaction
process which people act in relation to others
status
social position someone holds
status set
all statuses someone holds at a given time
ascribed status
social position taken at birth or INVOLUNTARY
achieved status
status that took personal effort
master status
status has special importance for social identity, often shaping entire persons life
role
behavior expected of someone who holds a status
role set
number of roles attached to one status
role conflict
conflict among the other roles connected to two or more statuses
role strain
tension among roles connected to one status
social construction of reality
process by which people shape reality through social interaction
thomas theorem
claim that situations are defined as real, are real in their consequences
ethnomethodology
garfinkels term for study of way people make sense of surroundings
dramaturgical analysis
goffman’s term for the study of social interaction in terms of theatrical performance
presentation of self
goffmans term for a person’s effort to create specific impressions of others
media
channels of communication
media literacy
capacity to be critcal consumer of mass and social media
digital divide
differences in access to internet
media consolidation
trend where increasing share of mass media is owned and controlled by relatively few
social group
2 or more people who identify with and interact with eachother
primary group
small social group whose members share personal and lasting relationships
secondary group
large impersonal group, members pursue specific goal or activity
instrumental leadership
group leadership that focus on task completion
expressive leadership
group leadership that focus on group well-being
group think
tendency of group members to conform, results in narrow view towards issue
reference group
social group that serves as point of reference in making decisions
in-group
social group where member feels respect and loyalty
out-group
social group where person feels sense of opposition
dyad
social group of TWO members
triad
social group with 3 members
network
web of week social ties
formal organization
large secondary group, goal oriented
tradition
behavior, values, beliefs passed generationally
rationality
way of thinking that emphasizes deliberate calculation of most efficient task completion
rationalization of society
historical change from tradition to rationality for main human thought process
burrocracy
organizational model for task efficiency
organizational environment
factors outside organization that have an impact on operation
beurocratic ritualism
focus on rules and regulations to point of underminding organizations goals
bureaucratic inertia
tendency of bureaucratic organizations to perpetuate themselves
oligarchy
the rule of the many by the few
scientific management
frederick taylors term for application of scientific principles to operation of business or large organization
