sociology chapter 9 Flashcards
caste system
social stratification based on ascription or birth
class system
social stratification based on birth and individual achievement
meritocracy
social stratification based on personal merit
status consistency
degree of uniformity in a persons social standing across various dimensions of social inequality
structural social mobility
shift in social position of large numbers of people due to more changes in society itself than to individual efforts
social stratification
system by which society ranks categories of people in hierarchy
social mobility
change in position within social hierarchy
ideology
cultural beliefs that justify social arrangements including the patterns of inequality
davis-moore thesis
functional analysis claiming that social stratification has beneficial consequences for operation of society
socioeconomic status
composite ranking based on various dimensions of social inequality
conspicuous consumption
buying and using products because of the “statement” they make about social position
capitalists
people who own and operate factories and other businesses in pursuit of profits
proletarians
people who sell their labor for wages
alienation
experience of isolation and misery resulting from powerlessness
income
earnings from work or investments
wealth
total value of money and other assets minus outstanding debts
intragenerational social mobility
a change in social position occuring during a persons lifetime
intergenerational social mobility
upward or downward social mobility of children in relation to their parents
relative poverty
lack of resources of some people in relation to those who have more
absolute poverty
lack of resources that is life threatening
feminization of poverty
trend of women making up an increasing proportion of the poor
