Sociological Imagination

Question 1

Sociological Imagination

Answer 1

How we can relate our own individual experiences to the larger aspect of our lives and how social forces play a role in it

Question 2

Social Facts

Answer 2

Values and norms that exist outside the individual and puts constraints on behaviour

Question 3

Sociological Theory

Answer 3

Provides explanations of how society works. Answers “why” and “how” based on patterns. It’s based on the sociological perspective, which is that human behavior is shaped by groups and the social interactions within that group

Question 4

Micro-level Theories

Answer 4

Looks at person-to-person interactions; specific relationships

Question 5

Macro-level Theories

Answer 5

Looks at how institutions, economies, nation, and societies operate. Large-scale issues and groups of people

Question 6

Functionalist Perspective. Macro or Micro?

Answer 6

Macro-level. Society is a system of interconnected parts that work together in harmony to maintain a state of balance and social equilibrium for the whole

Question 7

Conflict Perspective. Macro or micro?

Answer 7

Macro-level. Society is composed of different groups and are only interesting in competing for power and resources

Question 8

Symbolic Interactionalism. Micro or Macro?

Answer 8

Micro-level. Human behavior is influenced by definitions and meanings that are created and maintained through symbolic interaction with others

Question 9

Karl Marx. What term did he coin?

Answer 9

Social conflict, a struggle between groups because of differing needs and interests. Based on economic relationships–capitalist society: consists of capitalists (owners) and workers. Capitalism caused culture

Question 10

Émile Durkheim

Answer 10

Structural properties of social life–forces that influence individual behavior and the outcome of that behavior. Looked at society as a whole and how others interact with each other and how they’re integrated, called solidarity. Sociology is a science

Question 11

Mechanical Solidarity

Answer 11

Personal and direct. Society is cohesive and integrated, reliant on each other, but fragile society. People feel essential

Question 12

Organic Solidarity

Answer 12

Division of labor, specializations, replaceable. Others are distantly connected, but still rely on each other. Robust society–people are less essential and feel alone

Question 13

Regulation

Answer 13

The idea of a set of rules within a group

Question 14

Anomie

Answer 14

When expectations/rules are unclear, others feel less integrated. Unclear moral standards and leads us to follow our own desires and can break society

Question 15

Max Weber. What term did he coin?

Answer 15

Methodological individualism–focus on the perspective of the individual to explain social phenomena. Culture caused capitalism. The values of people guide their social actions. Sociology is a science

Question 16

Social Action. Who coined the term?

Answer 16

Max Weber. Behaviors that produce structures of a society. Actions are interpretive and emphasizing its meaning

Question 17

Jane Addams

Answer 17

Hull House–social reform for women. Made social statistics significant. Insisted on socially-engaged scholarship–engaging with others and learning from them

Question 18

W.E.B Du Bois

Answer 18

Capitalism and slavery reinforced each other. White workers had psychological wages, where they get paid with status, apart from money. Makes them feel more superior to African Americans. Hierarchy

Question 19

Alienation of Workers (Marx)

Answer 19

Alienated from the product
Alienated from the production process
Alienated from themselves, creative thinking, and human capacity
Alienated from the social group

Question 20

Traditionalism. Max Weber

Answer 20

Sees the world as having a basic order, and that order is the way things ought to be

Question 21

Rationality or Rationalization. Max Weber

Answer 21

Consists of three aspects that people display:

1. ) Calculability - If you know the inputs, you know the outputs
2. ) Methodical Behavior - People’s behavior are predictable; methodological, there are procedures to follow
3. ) Reflexivity - Thinking about what you’re doing. People are constantly looking for new ways to improve the process, become more efficient