Socioemotional Dev in Early Childhood Flashcards
1
Q
gender
A
- the social dimensions of sex (male/female)
- ## example of a genotype - phenotype interaction
2
Q
4 types of parenting styles
A
- authoritarian
- authoritative
- permissive
- neglectful
3
Q
biological influence
A
- sex, sex hormones, sex characteristics
- all comes from 23rd pair of chromosomes
4
Q
social influence
A
different genders are treated differently from birth (intentionally + unintentionally)
5
Q
cognitive influence
A
- knowledge from the outside world about gender becomes incorporated into personal schemas
- during early childhood, accumulate many ideas about what it means to be boy vs. girl
6
Q
gender constancy
A
- understanding that sex stays the same even as physical appearance changes (i.e. if girl cuts hair short, still female)
- similar to Piaget’s conservation
- develops during early childhood
7
Q
gender stereotyping
A
- norms / expectations about traits/differences of genders
- common to engage in this during early childhood
8
Q
parenting styles
A
- general behavioral patterns of parents
- 4 types according to Diana Baumrind (1971)
9
Q
authoritarian
A
- low level of responsiveness + high level of demandingness
- emotionally removed, firm boundaries, set rules unanimously
10
Q
authoritative
A
- high level of responsiveness + high level of demandingness
- balance of communication/affection + appropriate limits
- ideal parenting style (gives child best chance of developing good social skills)
11
Q
permissive
A
- high level of responsiveness + low level of demandingness
- indulgent, lack limits
- children can end up lacking self control
12
Q
neglectful
A
- low level of responsiveness + low level of demandingness
- largely removed from children’s lives
- can be abusive (neglect)
13
Q
gender schema theory
A
children want to conform to societal standards and will change their attn/behavior to do so
