Behaviorism, Social Learning + other theories

Question 1

behaviorism

Answer 1

scientific study of observable/measurable human + animal behavior

Question 2

classical conditioning overview

Answer 2

• proposed by Ivan Pavlov

- emerged from study of physiology of digestion –> science of conditioned reflexes

Question 3

conditioned reflex

Answer 3

• learned response to a previously neutral stimulus (e.g. dog salivating at sight of lab coat)
• can be developed intentionally

Question 4

operant conditioning overview

Answer 4

• idea that behavior can be shaped by environment via reward/punishment
• developed by B.F. Skinner

Question 5

impact of reward on behavior

Answer 5

more likely to repeat behavior

Question 6

social learning

Answer 6

• developed by Albert Bandura
• accepted the importance of studying mental processes
• studied modeling (imitating what others do)

Question 7

impact of punishment on behavior

Answer 7

less likely to repeat behavior

Question 8

information processing theory

Answer 8

• type of cognitive theory
• understands brain like a computer
• sees cog. dev. as continuous (no discrete stages)

Question 9

ethological theories

Answer 9

• biological theories about animal behavior

- ex: Konrad Lorenz r.e. geese imprinting

Question 10

sociocultural theories

Answer 10

• focus on culture and knowledge transmission across next generation
• de-emphasizes role individual plays in their own development (looks at how influenced by others instead)
• ex: Lev Vygotsky

Question 11

ecological systems theory

Answer 11

• focuses on environment of development (different from the natural environment)
• ex: Bronfenbrenner’s idea that 5 increasingly large environmental systems influence dev