socialist key thinkers Flashcards

1
Q

name two of karl marx and engels key works

A

the communist manifesto

das kapital

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2
Q

how did marx describe human nature

A

social and economic beings

specifically argued human nature has been corrupted by capitalism which encourages selfishness, ruthlessness and greed

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3
Q

what did marx argue capitalism has created

A

false consciousness

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4
Q

What two things did socialists reject from liberalism

A
  • idea capitalism promotes prosperity and liberty

- idea state was politically neutral

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5
Q

Describe Marx and Engels work on the end of history

A

Recognised revolution to be essential

Suggested we would go through certain stages before socialism would be achieved

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6
Q

Name a Rosa Luxemburg work

A

Reform or revolution

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7
Q

Explain Luxemburg view on Lenin’s belief if a revolutionary elite

A
Rejected
Argued revolution could occur spontaneously after class consciousness had been awoken
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8
Q

Rosa Luxemburg advocated for a new democracy, what was it underpinned by

A

Common ownership, open debate and elections

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9
Q

Name the party Rosa Luxemburg establishes after the war

A

The German communist party

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10
Q

What are the four principles that Beatrice Webb had about socialism

A

1) capitalism was the cause of poverty and inequality - led to greed and selfishness
2) paternalism is not a solution to inquality
3) poverty and inequity were most likely to be eliminated through vigorous trade unionism
4) effective reforms are gradual not revolutionary

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11
Q

What organisation was Beatrice Webb involved with

A

The Fabian society

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12
Q

What was the Fabian society

A

An organisation committed to evolutionary socialism via reforms at Westminster r

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13
Q

Who is Antony Crosland

A

Senior Labour Party politician

Served in cabinet

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14
Q

What did Antony Crosland written

A

The future of socialism

The conservative enemy

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15
Q

What was Antony Crosland a view on public ownership

A

It had gone far enough

Was never the aim of socialism but merely a method for acheiving it

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16
Q

What did Crosland believe the true objective of socialism

A

Equality

17
Q

What did Crosland do to break down class divisions

A

Comprehensive education

These are new schools for all abilities

18
Q

What was the new strain of thinking championed by Anthony giddens

A

The third way

19
Q

When did giddens publish the third way

A

1997 at the time of the GE

20
Q

What did giddens think about human nature flourishing

A

If it was to flourish the state should retreat from economic management and would have to be more proactive to