socialisation Flashcards
norms definition and 2 examples
unwritten rules that guide our behaviour in society they are based on values norms are socially constructed they are relative and there for are different in different places.
e.g eating with a knife and fork is normal in england but but not in all countries and culture.
e.g2 girls wearing skirts but not boys.
values definition and 2 examples.
fundamental beliefs providing general principles for human behaviour values are ethical principles groups chose to live by and values can change from place to place e.g ten commandments for Christians and the sharia for Islam and most Muslims and personal values like honesty aka moral conscience.
nature
nature refers to the idea that social behaviour is biological and innate.
some believe that innate traits are biologically determined due to genes.
e.g sleeping e.g blinking
nurture
the view that human behaviour and development is the product of environmental influence
environment = everything outside body people events and physical world
e.g1 how much parents read with kids= how well kids read
e.g2 how parents are with kid= how kid will be in future relationships
feral children explanation
children who missed out on primary socialisation so they don’t conform to the social norm, e.g. they haven’t been nurtured by humans so often cant speak or don’t walk like humans.
primary socialisation
family taught basic things the first stage of the life learning process during this period we lean basic norms and ways of behaving e.g. walking and talking
secondary socialisation
socialisation is the process by which we learn norms, values and behaviour. secondary socialisation is the way these behaviours are learned through agents other than family like media, education, and peer groups.
e.g norms like punctuality
e.g. smoking and drinking from peer pressure
formal social control
social control us how people persuade or force people to follow social norms and values in society
formal social control referes to the way these norms and values are enforced that doesnt change anywhere in society for example the law and police
informal social control
social control us how people persuade or force people to follow social norms and values in society
informal control is how people try and control or force people to conform to norms and values that cahnge from people to people in society
e.g family and peers
types of formal social control
police
law
courts
government
military
types of informal social control
family
peer group
religion
education
workplace
processes of social control
imitation
official rules
sanctions
inclusion and exclusion
peer pressure
criticism praise steriotyping
coercion
what is status
status refers to the position or rank someone holds in society. there are two types of status the first is ascribed which is the status you are born with, e.g. a person may be ascribed status because of their sex or age. secondly there is achieved status which is earned out of a persons own effort e.g. someone who grows up in poverty starts a business and becomes a successful ceo.
what is a role in society
a role is a part you play in society. people may have more than one role at one time each role may have a set of norms or patterns of behaviours attached. this may be different in different societies or change over time.
e.g.1 could be a teacher who’s role it is to help students develop
e.g.2 men and women traditionally have different roles
