Social Test 2023 2/20 2/21 Flashcards
Can one person make a difference? Consider Muhammad, Suleyman, and others, for example.
Yes, because y’know-
Muhammad find cave, angel find him and tell message right? So if Muhammad didn’t say message, it might have not spread. If Muhammad didn’t climb mountain and go into scary cave, or if he got injured by sliding down mountain and die, no message spread.
Why did he even go to cave when he could pray somewhere else. Is cave holy? Is not scary? maybe it quiet? So if he not brave and go back village before get to cave, no message too.
So one person one person matter. Also sillyman
if sillyman different person born in japan, no sillyman magnificent so time and place matter for difference also… and …待ってなんのこと話してたっけ なんか頭がーーーまっ白だーーーあははははははは
草 後でまとめるわ
ククククククッっクックまとめないでーこのままでお願いいい
勉強になるの？wwww
How/Why do empires rise and fall?
Empires can rise because of trade and location, expansion and military power, Leadership, economic growth, and technology.
Empires can fall because of over-expansion, invasions and rebellions, economic problems, a weak military, weak leadership, bad leader, too much central power internal problems, Famine, and natural disasters.
What was Muhammad’s role in the development of Islam?
Muhammad was the one who spread messages from the angel, which was the idea of how everyone should be equal. Women, slaves, etc are all equal.
Why was it difficult to be an orphan in Bedouin society?
In tribal societies, close relationships like family were the keys to being successful and having status, honor, and dignity, but an orphan would not have those from when they are born and could be left.
Based on the evidence, how did the early Islamic Empires expand?
Why were literature and literacy important in Islamic culture?
What is the Dome of the Rock and why is it significant or important?
Islamic shine in Jerusalem, built in AD 685 andthe spot from which the Prophet Muhammad ascended to Heaven
What is the Blue Mosque and why is it significant or important?
The Blue Mosque was ordered by Suleyman, and it was built in 7 years.
It had a hospital, library, madrasa, kitchen, and hospice.
It was 53 meters tall and had a diameter of 27 meters.
It is important because it displays the power of Suleyman and the Ottoman Empire.
What are the important characteristics of a mosque?
- Sahn (courtyard)
- Mihrab (niche)
- Minaret (tower)
- Qubba (dome)
- Furnishings (lamps)
What are the sources of Islamic teaching?
The Quran and the Sunnah
Quran: God’s words, poetic, god’s revelations to Muhammad
Sunnah: Words+Actions of Muhammad, Guidelines to life, difficult parts of the Quran.
What are Islamic beliefs?
Worship Allah, believe in his angels, books, messengers, life after death, and the oneness of god.
How did Islamic scholars advance learning, science, and mathematics?
Learning - 800 public schools, countless bookstores, paved roads, etc. All other Achivements also belong here
Math - Arabic numbers, algebra
Science - medical texts, Astronomy Instruments like an armillary sphere (the globe) time for sunset/rise.
Why did Islamic artists use geometric designs and patterns in their art?
To help the believer in observing life and the magnificence of creation while reflecting the language of the universe.
Why did Islam split into two groups, Shia and Sunni?
After Muhammad death, Shia is like the Muhammad cousin side. Sunni is the Muhammad best friend side(abubakr).
Why was the Arabian Peninsula important for trade?
It was important because many trade routes were going through the peninsula. Also, in the route, it included a mecca where people from around the world come and visit. Therefore, many cultures and new technology comes in and help Islam keep up with their wealth.
Why was Suleyman (Suleiman) called “the Magnificent”? Based on the evidence, what did he accomplish?
- expand empire (from that he had enough to give hungary to slave.)
-Wealthy, (from helmet and clothing.)
-Treats people equally (doesn not care about status but ability, character and disposition.)
How did the physical geography of the Arabian Peninsula influence Arab culture? (“Very little rainfall meant that farming was too difficult. Bedouins became nomads and traders instead.” etc.)
Very little rainfall meant that farming was too difficult. Bedouins became nomads and traders instead….
What are the Five Pillars and how do Muslims use them to guide their daily lives?
Belief ~ no god but god and Muhammad is the messanger
Prayer ~ pray five time in a day
Charity ~ donate to the poor and treat them equally
Fasting
Pilgrimage ~ go to mecca at least once in your life
They foster a fulfilling life and a close relationship with God.
What do Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have in common? How are they different?
Common: Monotheistic, Holy book, God
Different: Muhammad <-> Jesus <-> Abraham,
(M= Prohet, Jesus = son, Abraham,= All jews decended from him)
Based on the presentations, what were the reasons that the Islamic Empires failed or collapsed?
Ottoman: Too much agriculture, while europe focused on industrialization. Over expantion.
Umayyad: Rebelions due to unfair treatment to non muslims. money shortage. weak military
Based on the evidence, which do you think was the most successful of the five Islamic empires? (Umayyad, Abbasid, Spanish Umayyad, Ottoman, Mughal)
Ottoman, because it has lots of buildings like mosques, aqueducts, and bridges. The rulers developed a system of slave soldiers and officials. They enlisted limited numbers of slaves from the people they conquered. Some of these slaves are filling in important positions in the Ottoman Empire.
Woman are equal, and It was able to spread widely, and SUlyman reformed the law and created a single legal code. He also changed the tax system, built schools, and supported the arts.
Allah
Allah (A-lah’): Arabic word for God, the same God worshipped by Christians and Jews.
Abu Bakr
Abu Bakr: He became the first caliph, or successor, to Muhammad.
Arab
Arab: A person whose ethnic or national background is from an Arab country. Approximately 15 percent of Muslims in the world are Arabs.
Arab countries
Arab countries: Those countries whose primary language is Arabic. There are an estimated 22 Arab nations today in Africa and southwest Asia/Middle East.
Baghdad
Baghdad: Capital and wealthy city of the Abbasid Caliphate (Empire). Today it is the capital of Iraq.
Bedouins
Baghdad: Capital and wealthy city of the Abbasid Caliphate (Empire). Today it is the capital of Iraq.
Bureaucracy
Bureaucracy: a system of offices, departments, or agencies that carry out the work of the government, like embassies, police, fire, and ward offices.
Caliph
Caliph: a ruler who holds both religious and political authority.
Caliphate
Caliphate: a government that combines both religious and political authority in a caliph
Clan
Clan: families of people related by blood ties or marriage
Democracy
Democracy: important decisions are made by many people by voting
Emir
Emir: monarch, as in the United Arab Emirates. (Emirate = kingdom)
Fatwa
Fatwa (Fa’-twa): A non-binding opinion or ruling based on religious knowledge made by an Islamic scholar, mostly on matters of day-to-day life.
Four Righteous Caliphs
Four Righteous Caliphs: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali
Hajj
Hajj: The Islamic pilgrimage to the Ka’aba in Mecca
Hadith
Hadith (Ha-deeth’): The reported sayings and actions of the prophet Muhammad which serve as a model of behavior for Muslims.
Hijab
Hijab (Hee-jab’): Literally, the word translates as “curtain” or “veil.” It refers to the headscarf and non-revealing clothing worn by many Muslim women to maintain modesty.
House of Wisdom
House of Wisdom: a building in Baghdad that had a large library where scholars and teachers would meet to discuss important ideas and discoveries.
Imam
Imam(s): Leaders of prayer in a mosque. In Shia Islam, the descendants of the prophet Muhammad chose to lead the community following his death.
Islam
Islam (Is-lam’): Literal translation is “submission to the will of God.” It originates from the Arabic word, “Salaam,” which means peace.
Islamic Geometric Design
Islamic Geometric Design: used in tiles, carpets, and architecture
Jihad
Jihad (Jee-had’): Arabic word meaning “striving in the way of God” or “struggle.” This striving can take a number of forms, the most common of which is the daily inner struggle to be a better person. Armed jihad is permitted in defense of Islam.
Ka’aba
Ka’aba: It is located in Mecca; it is the holiest shrine in Islam.
Lunar Calendar
Lunar Calendar: A calendar that is based on the moon rather than the sun, so that each month begins with the sighting of the new moon. Muslims follow a lunar calendar.
Mecca
Mecca: The holiest city of Islam.
Medina
Medina: Where Muhammad went for safety from the tribes in Mecca. The second holiest city in Islam.
Mosque
Mosque: Building for worship for Muslims. Many mosques are recognized by their tall minarets or towers.
Monarchy
Monarchy: rule by one person who usually is chosen by their birth
Monotheism
Monotheism: Belief in one god
Muhammad
Muhammad: Muslims believe Muhammad (born 570 CE) was the last prophet from God. Muslims believe that God gave Muhammad the Quran, or holy book.
Muslim
Muslim: One who follows the religion of Islam; literally, one who “submits to the will of God.”
Nomads
👬(people) That travel from place to place to get resources. あと🐑とか🐄に🌱をFeed
Oasis
Oasis: a desert area that contains water
Oligarchy
Oligarchy: rule by a few powerful families or groups
Quran or Koran
Quran or Koran (Kur-aan’): The holy scripture or book of Islam, believed to have been revealed to the prophet Muhammad through the angel Gabriel.
Shahada
Shahada (Sha-ha’-da): The declaration of faith in Islam that “There is no deity except God and Muhammad is the messenger of God.” Anyone who believes and declares this is considered a Muslim.
Sharia
Sharia (Sha-ree’-a): Islamic law, based on the Quran and the sayings and actions of the prophet Muhammad.
Shiite/Shia
Shiite/Shia: One of the two major groups in Islam, comprising approximately 20 percent of Muslims worldwide. Shiites believe that Ali, the cousin, and son-in-law of the prophet Muhammad, was designated as Muhammad’s successor.
Sikhism
Sikhism: Based on the teachings of Guru Nanak. Sikhism combines monotheism, caring for the poor, and equality of Islam with reincarnation of Hinduism.
Sufism
Sufism: One type of Islam where people try to live simpler lives to be closer to God.
Sunni
Sunni: The majority group of Islam, comprising about 80 percent of Muslims worldwide. Sunnis believe that the prophet’s best friend, Abu Bakr, was selected by the consensus of the majority to succeed him.
Theocracy
Theocracy: a government that combines religious and political power
Tughra
Tughra: official signature of the Ottoman emperors used on official documents.
