Social Studies Greece- chapter 1-6 test review

Question 1

Zeus

Answer 1

the sky god, the most important Greek god

Question 2

Poseidon

Answer 2

god of the sea

Question 3

Dionysus

Answer 3

god of vegetation

Question 4

bards

Answer 4

Greek storytellers

Question 5

citadel

Answer 5

a walled fortress

Question 6

hubris

Answer 6

excessive pride

Question 7

democracy

Answer 7

a Greek word meaning “rule by the people”

Question 8

Homer

Answer 8

the Greece’s greatest bard. History’s first great poet. He wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey

Question 9

Neolithic

Answer 9

a greek word meaning “new stone age”

Question 10

paleolithic

Answer 10

a greek word meaning “old stone age”

Question 11

Minotaur

Answer 11

a large beast that was half-man and half-bull.

Question 12

describe the major geographical features of Greece

Answer 12

mountainous peninsula that juts out into the Mediterranean Sea.
Size of New York state.
rocky coast over 2,000 miles long
lots of bays and harbors
2 major areas: the south is Peloponnese and is connected to the north half of Greece by a narrow land strip called the Isthmus Corinth

Question 13

Why did sea trade develop in ancient Greece

Answer 13

the Greeks wanted to exchange their goods for goods from other peoples- like gold, ivory, precious stones, obsidian, lapis lazuli, etc

Question 14

what 4 things bonded the Greeks

Answer 14

language
religion
similar customs
trade

Question 15

how did the mountain terrain influence the development of self government

Answer 15

the mountains and seas formed imposing barriers that made travel difficult and isolated the communities from each other

Question 16

what are some of the things that Sir Arthur Evans discovered in Crete

Answer 16

the remains of King Minos’ palace- including the oldest throne ever found
clay pipes that linked the palace to mountain streams- aquaducts (plumbing)
paintings and art showing Egyptian style
an ancient form of Greek writing- linear A and B
the labyrinth of the Minotaur
milk stones

Question 17

what did Evans conclude about the paintings of the slim-waisted youths on the walls of the Egyptian tombs built around 1550BCE and the fresco of young men on the walls of the Minoan palace- and was were they proof of

Answer 17

that there were Keftiu-(island people) that were the Minoan traders who came to Egypt to trade with the Egyptians. This was proof of trade relations between Egypt and Crete

Question 18

what is the legend of the Minotaur?

Answer 18

He was a half man/half bull thought to live in an underground labyrinth under the palace of King Minos.
It was thought King Aegus of Athens killed a son of Minos in battle. To avenge his death, Minos ordered the Athenians to send 14 young men and women to Crete every 9 years- these people were locked in the labyrinth and the Minotaur ate them. One year, Theseus (son of Aegus) asked to be sent as a tribute and he went to Crete. He fell in love with Ariadne (daughter on Minos). She gave him a magic ball of twine to guide him through the labyrinth. Theseus triumphed and killed the Minotaur.

Question 19

Cultural borrowing is when one civilization borrows ideas from another civilization. What did the Mycenaens borrow from the Minoans?

Answer 19

they borrowed the Minoan craftmanshio in the style of making weapons, jewelry and armor.
They also borrowed the concept of writing- most important

Question 20

Why was the empire of Mycenae so powerful

Answer 20

They were more war-like than the Minoans. the Myceneans were also very good traders and became very wealthy. they had good ships and controlled important water-ways.

Question 21

What kind of writing was Linear B writing and why was it found on the Island of Crete

Answer 21

The Minoans introduced the concept of writing to the Myceneans. The Minoan writing was called Linear A. The Myceneans adapted this to their own language- called Linear B. this type of writing was found on Crete because the Myceneans conquered Crete.

Question 22

Why was Hellespont important? What is its modern name?

Answer 22

The modern name is Dardanelles.
It is a the entrance to a straight that is important strategically- the people who are there control the Black Sea trade route and can charge fees to ships passing through.

Question 23

What is the main reason the Dorians were able to defeat the Greeks

Answer 23

The Dorians were more ferocious and had weapons made of iron- which were stronger than the bronze weapons of the Greeks

Question 24

What are 2 things that happened as a result of the Dorian invasion that caused historians to consider this the Dark Ages of Greece

Answer 24

Dorians had no interest in art and writing- the written language of Greece died out
All sea trade came to a stop (the Dorians were not sea men). Greece was not as rich as it had been when it was trading with others

Question 25

According to Home- what caused the Trojan War?

Answer 25

Paris (a prince of Troy) selects the goddess of love and beauty as the most beautiful. She rewards hime with the love of Helen. Helen is married to Menelaus- king of Sparta in the Peloponnese. Paris goes to Sparta and takes Helen away. When Menelaus finds out that Helen is gone- he gets help from other Greek kings and attacks Troy. The war lasted 10 years

Question 26

Who was Achilles and what was his greatest wish

Answer 26

Achilles was the greatest warrior in the Greek army. He is very tempermental. When he learned that Agamemmnon took one of Achilles slave girls- he gets mad and does not want to fight in the Trojan War.
Achilles greatest wish is to achieve glory- to die nobly on the field of battle and be remembered for his valor.

Question 27

What was Odysseus” clever plan to end the Trojan War?

Answer 27

He was the king of the Greek island of Ithaca. He ordered the Greeks to build a huge wooden horse and place it outside the Trojan city and then pretend to sail home. The Trojans thought it was a peace offering and took it onto the city. When the Trojans were asleep- the Greeks came out , opened the gates for the other soldiers and killed most of the Trojans, destroyed the city and brought Helen home.

Question 28

How long did it take Odysseus to return home

Answer 28

10 years