Social Studies Comp Flashcards
all are cardinal directions except: northeast south east west
northeast
eastnorth is not an ______ ______
intermediate direction
a ____ is a narrow body of water connecting 2 others
strait
delta:
an area where rivers deposit soil
fossils are _____
imprints
primary source is an account of an event by someone ______ in the event
physically
2ndary source people are ___ in the event
not
anno domini means…
in the year of the Lord
100 is a..
century
the time before writing…
prehistory
homo erectus means:
upright man
homo habilis means:
wise man
megalith:
stone monument
people did not make clothing from ____ ___
fish skin
neolithic meaning:
new stone age
one of the advancements of the new stone age was…
using seeds to grow crops
gods and goddesses were not associated with _____
blood
northern mesopotamia was…
a flat plan
southern mesopotamia was…
mountainous
2 rivers surrounding mesopotamia were:
tigris and euphrates
the 1st egypt pharaoh:
menes
_______ in egypt had absolute power
pharaohs
kush was _____ of egypt
south
egypt and kush’s relationship as an example was _____
trade
The ______ _____ helped historians better understand hieroglyphics
rosetta stone
obelisk:
4 sided pillar with a top shaped like a pyramid
the main traded items between egypt and kush were…
gold and slaves
greece is a ______
peninsula
the mediterranean sea is ___ of greece
south
ionian sea is _____ of greece
west
the aegean sea is ____ of greece
east
_______ were not considered greek
minoans
______ was the mycenaean fortress
mycenae
polis:
a greek city-state
farmers often lived ____ city wall
outside
the _____ age was the creation of citystates
classical
acropolis:
marketplace
oligarchy:
government by the few
greek fables featured _____ as main characters
animals
sappho:
most famous greek poet
all villages in greece spoke greek (T OR F)
False
sparta is ____ the birthplace of democray
not
the us is a _______ democracy
representative
hera is or is not king of gods
no
early tools to chop food are called ________
choppers
hieroglyphics:
one the world’s writing systems
papyrus:
a long-lasting paper-like material from reeds
the walls of egypt’s _____ and tombs are covered with impressive paintings and carvings
pyramids
spinx:
imaginary creatures with bodies of lions and heads of other animal
Karnak is one of…
the largest egyptian temples
in 1922, people found the tomb of _____ ___
king tut
only _____ and ___ __ were allowed in temples
pharaohs and priests
fertile crescent
large, rich, and fertile farmland
irrigation:
a way of supplying water to land
surplus:
more than needed
mesopotamia:
land between rivers
division of labor:
a type of arrangement where work is divided among people
latitude:
running north and south
cartographers:
people who make/study maps
equator:
0 degrees latitude
compass rose:
showing direction
inset map:
where a place is located
longitude:
running east and west
prime meridian:
0 degrees longtitude
rural:
countryside area
city-state:
consisted of a city as the center and the surrounding countryside
urban:
city areas
empire:
a land with people under a single ruler
sumerians:
had the 1st advanced society
polytheism:
worshipping of many gods
monotheism:
the worshipping of one god
Aesop:
a greek famous for his fables
tyrant:
a leader who uses force to hold power
classical:
an age marked by great achievement
aristocrats:
rich landowners
fables:
stories telling about life
citizens:
people who can participate in government
acropolis:
an elevated land with some type of fortress
Homer:
a famous poet
Nubia:
place where rich minerals are
Shanakhdkheton:
1st queen of Kush
export:
sent out
import:
sent in
Cyrus the Great:
leader of Persians
Alexander had… soldiers
35,000
Alexander was so great, that when Egypt heard he was coming, they didn’t fight and made him _____
king
Alexander died at __
33
Athens fought ____
Sparta
Athens was a ____
democracy
Darius I and Cyrus…
made Persia into a great place
Persia fought against…
Medes
Persia’s army was…
10k soldiers called “The Immortals”
Darius was named _____ __ _____
king of kings
Sparta’s schools were…
physical
Athen’s schools were…
more mental
Women in Sparta actually had ____ while women in Athens had __ rights
Sparta: rights
Athen: no
Sparta’s govt ruled under __ kings and controlled ______(slaves)
2
helots
In 359, BC ______ was king of Macedonia
Philip
All of Greece was under _____’s control
Phillip’s
Socrates:
a great greek thinker
Plato:
student of Socrates
Aristotle:
Plato’s student
In 327 BC, Alexander crossed the Indus river towards _____
India
Peloponnesian War:
when Sparta declared war on Athens
greatest Greek doctor:
Hippocrates
The Greeks defeated the invading Persian Army at ______ ___ ________
Battle of Marathon
Chief religion of Persia:
Zoroastrianism
Aeneas:
a Trojan War hero
Rome was built on a ______
swamp
Rome is on…
Palestine Hill
forum=
public gathering area
Julius Caesar:
a dictator who ruled with crassus and pompei
Checks+Balances:
to help one govt not get too much power
Magistrates:
elected officials
Roman govt=
consuls
senate
assembly
Magistrates and assembly were similar because they could _____
veto
Patricians:
noble
Plebeians:
common people
Hannibal had ___ ________
war elephants
Cicero:
someone who called for change in Rome and was an orator
Julius conquered ____
Gaul
When Julius died, Octavian and ____ ______ took over
Marc Antony
Marc divorced Octavian’s sister, so Octavian…
got mad
Octavian drove Marc out and was called ________
princeps
leader of huns:
Atilla
had a co-emperor:
Diocletian
Justinian:
wanted to reunite Roman empire
Theodora:
put an end to riots and uprisings and made children and women have more rights
South Europe:
mountainous climate
North Europe:
flat plain
Feudalism:
system of promised land for knights if they protect a monarch
feudalism reward:
a manor
Feudalism was 1st created by the ______
Franks
vassal:
a knight who defended for land
Missionaries and Monks were ______
religious
Clovis:
Turk leader
Charlemagne:
a brilliant warrior who helped Turks
Crusades:
Muslims vs Christians
King Henry wanted Gregory as Pope ______
removed
Gregory ______ Henry
excommunicated (expelled from Church)
HRE=
HolyRomanEmpire
most of the crusades were _______
failures
the 1st was full of ______ ______ of Christians
untrained soldiers
Crusade _ was a failure
2
Assisi founded…
Franciscans
Magna Carta:
listing rights a king couldn’t ignore
Halus Corpus=
you have the body
Black Death:
deadly plague started in Asia and moved through Eurasia
Heresy:
religious ideas that oppose Church teachings
King Ferdinand+Isabella:
monarchs who forced people to be Christians and killed people who weren’t
Saladin was praised for sparing…
his enemies
Marco Polo:
trader from Venice
Venice…
manufactured and made glasses
humanism:
a way of thinking that stresses human life
Dante Alighieri:
poet (1st to write in latin)
Niccolo Machiavelli:
wrote ‘The Prince’
Leonardo da Vinci:
genius of the Rennaisance
Johan Gutenberg printed the Bible in…
1456
Martin Luther:
thought the Church was unfair so nailed 95 theses
Martin Luther caused chaos which…
he did not intend
Catholic Reformation:
an organization putting in effort to attempt to stop counter reformtion
Jesuits:
Religious order people who serve Pope+Church
Westphalia:
a law granting freedom in France
Aztec city was _______
Tenochtitlan
Aztecs were polytheistic and made ______ atleast 10k people a year
sacrifices
Maya settled in…
Guatemala
Maya was poly_____
polytheistic
Incas built…
lots of pathways and roads
Scientific Revolution:
series of events leading to the birth of modern science
Nicholas Copernicus
an astronomer
Ptolemy
a rationalist
Johanes Kepler:
discovered that planets move eclipsical
Galileo Galilei:
he believed science would make people better
Sir Isaac Newton:
one of the greatest scientists
people made an ______ and compass
astrolobe
Caravel ship:
triangular sail ship
Vasco de Gama:
sailed around Africa and landed on a different route to Asia
Henry the Navigator:
responsible for Portugal’s success on the sea
Christopher Columbus:
Italian sailor who thought he reached Asia
He tried to go to the Atlantic but found Bahamas
Ferdinand Magellan:
a sailor who circumnavigated the earth
