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Sociology > Social stratification > Flashcards

Social stratification Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by social stratification ?

A

The way that socitey is structured in a hierarchy

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2
Q

What is social hierarchy ?

A

People at the top of the pyramid have more power/ respect then the people below them - it is a pyramid shape

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3
Q

What is social inequality ?

A

The unequal distribution of factors such as income, education and health across a population

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4
Q

What is an example of social stratification outside of Britan ?

A

India’s caste system. It divides Hindus into rigid hierarchial groups - teachers and priests at the top and cleaners at the bottom

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5
Q

What is achived status ?

A

Status that you have achived through hard work i.e. sports player

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6
Q

What is ascribed status ?

A

Status that you are born into i.e. royal family

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7
Q

What is equality ?

A

The fair treatment of all people in socitey

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8
Q

What is meant by life chances ?

A

Having positive or negative outcomes over their lifetime in relation to their health, education, employment and housing

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9
Q

What is inequality ?

A

The unequal distribution of valued goods and opportunities

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10
Q

What is the functionalist view of social strat ?

A
  • They think that it is positive and performs a fuction
    -People experiencing poverty motivates others to do well
  • Davis & Moore argue that social strat allows role allocation as people get jobs that match their ability
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10
Q

What are the criticisms of the functionalist view ?

A

They don’t consider that eqaul oppurtunties don’t exists for everyone

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11
Q

What is the feminist view of social strat ?

A

They argue that socitey is dominated by men (patriarchal)
- They argue that women are socially stratified and placed at the bottom of the ranking as men control it

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11
Q

What are the criticisms of the feminist view ?

A

Marxists would say that social class is the way of stratification - not gender

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12
Q

What is the marxist view of social strat ?

A

They belive that there are only 2 classes- Bourgeoise & Proletariat.
They argue that there has always been social inequality and socitey is unfair
There will always be conflict betwen the 2 groups

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13
Q

What are the criticisms of the marxist view ?

A

Feminists argue that marxists focus too much on capitalisim and fail to consider how gender creates a divide

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14
Q

What is social differentiation ?

A

Refers to the differences between social groups based on their appearance, gender wealth, lifestyle and culture.

15
Q

What impact does age have ?

A

as there are difference norms expected from a teenager in comparison to an adult

16
Q

What is social social differentiation ?

A

The differences between social groups based on their apperance, gender, wealth, lifestyle & culture

17
Q

What is authority ?

A

Having power and dominance over a person or group

18
Q

What is Webers theory of authority ?

A

Traditional authority - This is authority that has been passed down over generation
Charismatic authority- When someone gains high levels of support from the population
Rational-legal authority- When somone is chosen according to the system

19
Q

What is the new right perspective on a classless socitey ?

A

They belive that socitey is classless
- The working class jobs are manual jobs
- New right belive that working class jobs have dissappeared so class does not exist

20
Q

What is habitus ?

A

A set of assumptions about the kind of leisure activties different classes engage in. It is a cultural framework or set of norms and vaules

20
Q

What are Bourdieus belifs /

A
  • The upper class control education
  • Upper class children fit in at school more easily and suceed because they have the same culture
  • Middle class habitus places more vaule on activites so have greater cultural capital
21
Q

What is the old boys’ club and priveladge ?

A

Marxists belive that there is an old boys network in the UK - there are connections that some families have to help them in work or buisness
- Members often went to private schools & oxbrige unis

22
Q

What is a stereotype ?

A

An exaggarated simplified, often negative view of a praticular group or type of person

22
Q

What is labelling ?

A

Refers to attaching an expectation onto an indvidual which over time can influence their behaviour

23
Q

What is evidence of gender equality ?

A

The gender pay gap is 7.9% - ONS

23
Q

What is predjudice ?

A

An opinion made about others, based on the group they belong to, and without any knowledge of them as indviduals

24
Q

What is the triple shift & who created it ?

A

Dunscombe + Marsden
- Women do paid work , domestic work & emotional work

25
Q

Who created the dual burden ?

A

Anne Oakley

25
Q

What is the glass ceiling ?

A

An invisible systematic barrier that prevents certain people from rising to the senior positions within an organisation

25
Q

What is the sex discrimination act 1975 ?

A

A law introduced to prevent employers from discriminating against gender when recuriting

26
Q

What are examples of gender inequality in socitey ?

A
  • Me too movement - raised awerness about Harvey Weinstein
  • Murder of Sarah Everard
26
Q

What do liberal feminists belive ?

A

They agree that there has been positive change but girls need more positive role models in the media and schools to encourage them

27
Q

What do radical feminists belive ?

A

They argue that men will not surrender and will always dominate and exploit women

27
Q

What did Walby belive ?

A

She criticised radical feminists for ignoring class and ethnicity
- Not all women experience life the same you must take an intersectional approach
- Walby argues that women are controlled by double standards

28
Q

What must we consider in social strat ?

A

Class, Age , Gender + Ethnicity

Sociology (4 decks)

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