Social Science S4 Organizations/Groups/People Flashcards
Agency of the U.S. government founded in 1958 that is a global leader in space exploration and the study of the Earth System
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Program established in 1979 for the study of the earth System and climate change
World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)
Established in 1987 to study global change in the context of Earth System Science (ESS)
International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP)
Initiated a systemic measurement of atmospheric carbon dioxide
Charles Keeling
Swedish meteorologist who in 1959 went to Washington D.C. to alert the National Academy of Sciences that increasing CO2 levels throughout the rest of the century could have serious consequences
Bert Bolin
Scientist in the 18th century who recognized that carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could raise temperatures on Earth
Eunice Newton Foote
In the immediate aftermath of WW2, the international community established
United Nations (UN)
The charter of what organization is considered an international treaty
United Nations (UN)
Which organization’s aim is preventing the use of force in international relations
United Nations (UN)
What were the two opponents in the Cold War
US and Soviet Union (USSR)
What nation launched the first artificial Earth satellite
Soviet Union
Founded in 1931 and embarked on a study of global geophysical activities over a set period
International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU)
What group did Bert Bolin travel to alert about the increasing CO2 levels
National Academy of Sciences
What two groups founded the Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP)
International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) and World Meteorological Association (WMO)
An agency of the United Nations created in 1950
World Meteorological Association (WMO)
What group was founded by International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) and World Meteorological Association (WMO)
Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP)
Which groups hosted an International Workshop on Climate Change Issues in Austria
International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU), World Meteorological Association (WMO), and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
The group in 1979 that succeeded GARP as the new center for the study of climate change
World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)
Organized a major conference in Villach, Austria around the topic “Assessment of the Role of Carbon Dioxide and of Other Greenhouse Gases in Climate Variations and Associated Impacts”
ICSU, WMO, anf UNEP
AN ICSU committee that issued a report titled “The greenhouse effect, climatic change and ecosystem”
the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE)
What did the scientists form to give knowledge out to the public regarding scientific knowledge
Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases (AGGG)
Who testified in 1988 before the US Senate that human-induced greenhouse effect was the cause of climate change
NASA scientist James E. Hansen
What was created in 1988 is the most authoritative source of information about the science of climate change
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Who served as the IPCC’s first chair from 1988 - 1998
Bert Bolin
Which two scientists were instrumental in the establishment of the IPCC
Paul J. Crutzen and Bert Bolin
Suggested that ICSU embark on a systematic and comprehensive study of global geophysical activities over a set period
Lloyd Berkner
Became the first chair of the ICSU’s new committee on atmospheric sciences
Bert Bolin
Published the book “Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming”
Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway
Who in 1984 retired as the Director of the Scripps Institute of Oceanography
William Nierenberg
William Nierenberg joined the Board of Directors of what institute after he retired from the Scripps Institute of Oceanography
George C. Marshall Institute
The Cold War policies of what president did the George C. Marshall Institute try to defend
President Ronald Reagan
President Reagan’s former Vice President and successor who in 1989 considered taking action to mitigate climate change
President George H. W. Bush
Which 2 Republican presidents’ presidential administrations did the George C. Marshall Institute have close relations with
Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush
Which president directed the US to sign the Kyoto Protocol
Bill Clinton
Who would not ratify the Kyoto Protocol
The US Senate
Who were the presidential candidates for the year 2000
Al Gore (President Clinton’s vice pres.) and George W. Bush ( former President George H. W. Bush’s son)
Whose administration pursued a policy of expanding global oil production
The new Bush administration
The company that participated in the study of climate change but when government regulations of fossil fuels appeared, the company started to fund organizations that oppose business regulations and promote skepticism of climate science
Exxon Mobil
An effective approach by who produced the concept of the “carbon footprint”
British Petroleum and a hired marketing company
What group in 2019 finally acknowledged that humans contribute to climate change
The United States Chamber of Commerce
What party branded itself as pro-business and anti-government regulation of business, and is more likely to question scientific findings about climate change and maintain the idea that climate action is bad for the economy
Republican
Which party is more generally supportive of government regulation
Democrats
What center had a poll that found younger Republicans to have different views than their older GOP counterparts on the use of fossil fuels
A Pew Research Center
Which group is more likely to think that where they has been affected by some weather-related events
Democrats
Who in 2017 stated that the 2015 Paris Agreement placed the US at a “very big economic disadvantage” and withdrew the US from the agreement
US President Donald Trump
Who was in office from 2017 - 2021
Donald Trump
Presidents who formed a kind of nationalistic coalition against cooperative climate action
Russian President Vladimir Putin and Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro
President who oversaw a rapid increase in the deforestation of the Brazilian rainforest
Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro
Fox news host, who during the summer of 2023 when massive Canadian forest fires went into the US, that gave airtime to known supporters of the oil industry that denied scientific consensus on the dangers of smoke
Laura Ingraham
Also known as UN Climate Change ; established in 1992 as a foundation for intergovernmental action on climate change that led to the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
An organizational center of government action to address climate change
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
Proposed the Green New Deal
Alexandria Ocasio - Cortez & Senator Ed Markey
Signed the IRA into law
President Joe Biden
Did not adopt the Green New Deal
President Joe Biden
Founded UNFCCC
United Nations
A catalyst for the Kyoto Protocol
UNFCCC
A Congressional Representative from New York part of the Green New Deal
Alexandria Ocasio - Cortez
Senator of Massachusetts part of the Green New Deal
Ed Market
Argued that climate justice should entail an awareness of the historical legacies that have created today’s global wealth and power disparities
Philosopher Olufemi O. Taiwo
Termed “climate colonialism” and warned about the Green New Deal
Philosopher Olufemi O. Taiwo
Climate scientist that contributed to IPCC reports and worked on communicating the science of climate change through Evangelical Christians
Katharine Hayhoe
Was on a TED Talk that has over 4 million times and overed a simple way to fight climate change
Katharine Hayhoe
A nation whose members led a protest that delayed the construction of an oil pipeline in North America
Standing Rock Sioux Tribe
A Brazilian environmental activist and member of the Munduruku people of the Tapajos River Middle Course who defended portions of the Brazilian rainforest in different ways
Alessandra Korap Munduruku
Ordered the continuation of the Dakota Access Pipeline in early 2017
Donald Trump
A Swedish climate activist who at the age of 15 sparked a global youth climate movement known as Fridays for Future
Greta Thunberg
A young German climate activist who preached a sermon in Berlin’s majestic Berlin Cathedral
Luisa Neubauer
Uganda climate activist that combines local action in her home country with an international message that Africans aren’t only impacted by climate change, but are also engaged in finding climate solutions
Vanessa Nakate
Company that wanted to expand mining operation in Munduruku regions of the Amazon rainforest
British company Anglo American
Message of Greta Thunberg’s protest
Politicians should listen to scientists and act accordingly
