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Soc Sci Section 4 24-25 > Social Science S4 Organizations/Groups/People > Flashcards

Social Science S4 Organizations/Groups/People Flashcards

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1
Q

Agency of the U.S. government founded in 1958 that is a global leader in space exploration and the study of the Earth System

A

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

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2
Q

Program established in 1979 for the study of the earth System and climate change

A

World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)

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3
Q

Established in 1987 to study global change in the context of Earth System Science (ESS)

A

International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP)

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4
Q

Initiated a systemic measurement of atmospheric carbon dioxide

A

Charles Keeling

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5
Q

Swedish meteorologist who in 1959 went to Washington D.C. to alert the National Academy of Sciences that increasing CO2 levels throughout the rest of the century could have serious consequences

A

Bert Bolin

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6
Q

Scientist in the 18th century who recognized that carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could raise temperatures on Earth

A

Eunice Newton Foote

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7
Q

In the immediate aftermath of WW2, the international community established

A

United Nations (UN)

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8
Q

The charter of what organization is considered an international treaty

A

United Nations (UN)

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9
Q

Which organization’s aim is preventing the use of force in international relations

A

United Nations (UN)

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10
Q

What were the two opponents in the Cold War

A

US and Soviet Union (USSR)

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11
Q

What nation launched the first artificial Earth satellite

A

Soviet Union

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12
Q

Founded in 1931 and embarked on a study of global geophysical activities over a set period

A

International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU)

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13
Q

What group did Bert Bolin travel to alert about the increasing CO2 levels

A

National Academy of Sciences

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14
Q

What two groups founded the Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP)

A

International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) and World Meteorological Association (WMO)

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15
Q

An agency of the United Nations created in 1950

A

World Meteorological Association (WMO)

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16
Q

What group was founded by International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) and World Meteorological Association (WMO)

A

Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP)

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17
Q

Which groups hosted an International Workshop on Climate Change Issues in Austria

A

International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU), World Meteorological Association (WMO), and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

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18
Q

The group in 1979 that succeeded GARP as the new center for the study of climate change

A

World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)

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19
Q

Organized a major conference in Villach, Austria around the topic “Assessment of the Role of Carbon Dioxide and of Other Greenhouse Gases in Climate Variations and Associated Impacts”

A

ICSU, WMO, anf UNEP

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20
Q

AN ICSU committee that issued a report titled “The greenhouse effect, climatic change and ecosystem”

A

the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE)

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21
Q

What did the scientists form to give knowledge out to the public regarding scientific knowledge

A

Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases (AGGG)

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22
Q

Who testified in 1988 before the US Senate that human-induced greenhouse effect was the cause of climate change

A

NASA scientist James E. Hansen

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23
Q

What was created in 1988 is the most authoritative source of information about the science of climate change

A

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

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24
Q

Who served as the IPCC’s first chair from 1988 - 1998

A

Bert Bolin

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25
Q

Which two scientists were instrumental in the establishment of the IPCC

A

Paul J. Crutzen and Bert Bolin

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26
Q

Suggested that ICSU embark on a systematic and comprehensive study of global geophysical activities over a set period

A

Lloyd Berkner

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27
Q

Became the first chair of the ICSU’s new committee on atmospheric sciences

A

Bert Bolin

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28
Q

Published the book “Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming”

A

Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway

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29
Q

Who in 1984 retired as the Director of the Scripps Institute of Oceanography

A

William Nierenberg

30
Q

William Nierenberg joined the Board of Directors of what institute after he retired from the Scripps Institute of Oceanography

A

George C. Marshall Institute

31
Q

The Cold War policies of what president did the George C. Marshall Institute try to defend

A

President Ronald Reagan

32
Q

President Reagan’s former Vice President and successor who in 1989 considered taking action to mitigate climate change

A

President George H. W. Bush

33
Q

Which 2 Republican presidents’ presidential administrations did the George C. Marshall Institute have close relations with

A

Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush

34
Q

Which president directed the US to sign the Kyoto Protocol

A

Bill Clinton

35
Q

Who would not ratify the Kyoto Protocol

A

The US Senate

36
Q

Who were the presidential candidates for the year 2000

A

Al Gore (President Clinton’s vice pres.) and George W. Bush ( former President George H. W. Bush’s son)

37
Q

Whose administration pursued a policy of expanding global oil production

A

The new Bush administration

38
Q

The company that participated in the study of climate change but when government regulations of fossil fuels appeared, the company started to fund organizations that oppose business regulations and promote skepticism of climate science

A

Exxon Mobil

39
Q

An effective approach by who produced the concept of the “carbon footprint”

A

British Petroleum and a hired marketing company

40
Q

What group in 2019 finally acknowledged that humans contribute to climate change

A

The United States Chamber of Commerce

41
Q

What party branded itself as pro-business and anti-government regulation of business, and is more likely to question scientific findings about climate change and maintain the idea that climate action is bad for the economy

A

Republican

42
Q

Which party is more generally supportive of government regulation

A

Democrats

43
Q

What center had a poll that found younger Republicans to have different views than their older GOP counterparts on the use of fossil fuels

A

A Pew Research Center

44
Q

Which group is more likely to think that where they has been affected by some weather-related events

A

Democrats

45
Q

Who in 2017 stated that the 2015 Paris Agreement placed the US at a “very big economic disadvantage” and withdrew the US from the agreement

A

US President Donald Trump

46
Q

Who was in office from 2017 - 2021

A

Donald Trump

47
Q

Presidents who formed a kind of nationalistic coalition against cooperative climate action

A

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro

48
Q

President who oversaw a rapid increase in the deforestation of the Brazilian rainforest

A

Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro

49
Q

Fox news host, who during the summer of 2023 when massive Canadian forest fires went into the US, that gave airtime to known supporters of the oil industry that denied scientific consensus on the dangers of smoke

A

Laura Ingraham

50
Q

Also known as UN Climate Change ; established in 1992 as a foundation for intergovernmental action on climate change that led to the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement

A

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

51
Q

An organizational center of government action to address climate change

A

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

52
Q

Proposed the Green New Deal

A

Alexandria Ocasio - Cortez & Senator Ed Markey

53
Q

Signed the IRA into law

A

President Joe Biden

54
Q

Did not adopt the Green New Deal

A

President Joe Biden

55
Q

Founded UNFCCC

A

United Nations

56
Q

A catalyst for the Kyoto Protocol

A

UNFCCC

57
Q

A Congressional Representative from New York part of the Green New Deal

A

Alexandria Ocasio - Cortez

58
Q

Senator of Massachusetts part of the Green New Deal

A

Ed Market

59
Q

Argued that climate justice should entail an awareness of the historical legacies that have created today’s global wealth and power disparities

A

Philosopher Olufemi O. Taiwo

60
Q

Termed “climate colonialism” and warned about the Green New Deal

A

Philosopher Olufemi O. Taiwo

61
Q

Climate scientist that contributed to IPCC reports and worked on communicating the science of climate change through Evangelical Christians

A

Katharine Hayhoe

62
Q

Was on a TED Talk that has over 4 million times and overed a simple way to fight climate change

A

Katharine Hayhoe

63
Q

A nation whose members led a protest that delayed the construction of an oil pipeline in North America

A

Standing Rock Sioux Tribe

64
Q

A Brazilian environmental activist and member of the Munduruku people of the Tapajos River Middle Course who defended portions of the Brazilian rainforest in different ways

A

Alessandra Korap Munduruku

65
Q

Ordered the continuation of the Dakota Access Pipeline in early 2017

A

Donald Trump

66
Q

A Swedish climate activist who at the age of 15 sparked a global youth climate movement known as Fridays for Future

A

Greta Thunberg

67
Q

A young German climate activist who preached a sermon in Berlin’s majestic Berlin Cathedral

A

Luisa Neubauer

68
Q

Uganda climate activist that combines local action in her home country with an international message that Africans aren’t only impacted by climate change, but are also engaged in finding climate solutions

A

Vanessa Nakate

69
Q

Company that wanted to expand mining operation in Munduruku regions of the Amazon rainforest

A

British company Anglo American

70
Q

Message of Greta Thunberg’s protest

A

Politicians should listen to scientists and act accordingly

Soc Sci Section 4 24-25 (7 decks)

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