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Soc Sci Section 4 24-25 > Social Science S4 Dates/Number > Flashcards

Social Science S4 Dates/Number Flashcards

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1
Q

When did many scientists begin to measure CO2 levels in atmosphere and realize that the rise could lead to global warming

A

late 1950s

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2
Q

Through what decades did scientists expand their knowledge that human behavior is changing the Earth’s climate

A

1960s, 1970s, and 1980s

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3
Q

Global conditions of what century influenced how humans learned about climate change and how humans responded to that knowledge

A

Second half of the 20th century

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4
Q

World War 2 time period

A

1939 - 45

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5
Q

When was the United Nations (UN) established

A

1946

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6
Q

Cold War time period

A

1946 - 91

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7
Q

When did the Soviet Union launch Sputnik

A

1957

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8
Q

When did the first human land on the moon

A

1969

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9
Q

When was NASA founded

A

1958

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10
Q

When was the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) established

A

1979

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11
Q

When was the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) established

A

1987

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12
Q

A foundational decade for human understanding of Earth’s climate and anthropogenic climate change

A

1950s

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13
Q

When was the International Council for Science founded

A

1931

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14
Q

Lloyd Berkner birth years

A

1905 - 67

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15
Q

When did Lloyd Berkner suggest that International Council for Science (ICSU) embark on a study of global geophysical activities over a set period

A

1952

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16
Q

The year time period for the International GeoPhysical Year

A

July 1957 - December 1958

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17
Q

How many year cycle of sunspot activity did the GeoPhysical Year correspond with

A

11

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18
Q

Charles David Keeling’s birth years

A

1928-2005

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19
Q

Bert Bolin birth years

A

1925 - 2007

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20
Q

When did Bert Bolin go to Washington D.C. to alert the National Academy of Sciences that increasing CO2 levels throughout the rest of the century could have serious consequences

A

1959

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21
Q

When did Charles Keeling release data of his CO2 measurements that shows CO2 levels rising

A

1961

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22
Q

When did Bert Bolin become the first chair of the ICSU’s new committee on atmospheric sciences

A

1964

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23
Q

When was the World Meteorological Association (WMO) created

A

1950

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24
Q

When was the Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP)

A

1967

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25
Q

When did scientists at an International Workshop on Climate Issues recognize the need for an organization that could do more than GARP

A

1978

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26
Q

When did the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) succeed GARP as the new center for the study of climate change

A

1979

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27
Q

When did the ICSU, WMO, and UNEP organize a conference in Austria around the topic “Assessment of the Role of Carbon Dioxide and of Other Greenhouse Gases in Climate Variations and Associated Impacts”

A

1985

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28
Q

When was the conference hosted in Toronto, Canada entitled “The Changing Atmosphere: Implications for Global Security”

A

1988

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29
Q

When did NASA scientist James E. Hansen testify before the US Senate that human-induced greenhouse effect was the cause of climate change

A

1988

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30
Q

When was the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) created

A

1988

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31
Q

The years in which Bert Bolin serves on the IPCC as the panel’s first chair

A

1988 - 1998

32
Q

When did Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway publish “Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming”

A

2010

33
Q

When did William Nierenberg retire as the Director of the Scripps Institute of Oceanography

A

1984

34
Q

When did the Berlin Wall go down

A

1989

35
Q

When did President George H. W. Bush considering taking action to mitigate climate change

A

1989

36
Q

When was the Kyoto Protocol adopted

A

1997

37
Q

When did the US Senate agree to a resolution stating that the US will not be part of protocol

A

July 25, 1997

38
Q

What were the vote of the US senate to the new resolution

A

95-0

39
Q

When did Bill Clinton direct the US to sign the Kyoto Protocol

A

1998

40
Q

When did Al Gore run against George W. Bush for president

A

year 2000

41
Q

A New York Times article from what date stated that Al Gore’s support for the Kyoto Protocol and Bush’s opposition to it is the leading issue that distinguishes the candidates

A

November 3, 2000

42
Q

In what decades did Exxon Mobil participate in a study of climate change but then had to begin funding organizations that oppose business regulations and promote skepticism of climate change

A

1970s and 1980s

43
Q

What year was the most profitable year for the biggest Western oil companies

A

2022

44
Q

How many oil companies earned a combine $219 billion, from which they paid out $110 billion

A

6

45
Q

How much money did 6 oil companies combine make

A

$219 billion

46
Q

How much money did the 6 oil companies pay out from the $219 billion that was earned

A

$110 billion

47
Q

When did the United States Chamber of Commerce acknowledge that humans contribute to climate change

A

2019

48
Q

An independent found that in what year did out of the 39 policies that the Chamber of Commerce took a stance on, it advocated against climate action 25 times

A

2022

49
Q

How many times did the Chamber of Commerce advocate against climate action in 2022

A

25 times

50
Q

What was the age range for the younger Republicans

A

18-29

51
Q

A 2023 poll shows how many Democrats supports addressing climate change and how many Republicans prioritizing economic growth

A

80% of Democrats ; 72% of Republicans

52
Q

Another 2023 poll found how many Democrats and Republicans agree human activity is causing changes to the world’s climate

A

93% of Democrats and 55% of Republicans

53
Q

When did President Donald Trump states that the 2015 Paris Agreement placed the U.S at a “very big economic disadvantage”

A

2017

54
Q

When was President Donald Trump in office

A

2017-2021

55
Q

A study of news broadcast in the united Kingdom found that in 2022 nearly how much of British broadcasters cast doubt on climate change

A

a third

56
Q

When was there smoke from massive Canadian forest fire go into the US

A

summer of 2023

57
Q

When was there a United Nations Conference on Environmental and Development hosted in Rio de Janeiro and when the UNFCCC was founded

A

1992

58
Q

When was the Kyoto Protocol in effect

A

2005

59
Q

The participating nations in the Kyoto Protocol has individual targets for emission reductions that together as a whole came out to ______ emission reduction over the years ___________

A

5%; 2008 - 2012

60
Q

When was the Paris Agreement adopted

A

2015

61
Q

How many parties adopted the Paris Agreement

A

196

62
Q

Global leaders wanted to increase global average temperatures to ___ by the end of the century

A

1.5 degrees C

63
Q

In order to accomplish the 1.5 degrees C, a peak in greenhouse gas emission before 2025 and a ___ decline by 2030 is needed

A

43%

64
Q

When was the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) signed into law

A

August 16, 2022

65
Q

The IRA provides around how much in climate funding

A

$369 billion

66
Q

Wind and solar generated a record amount of clean energy by producing ____ of global energy

A

12%

67
Q

Protests were led by the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe in North Dakota halted construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline when

A

2016 & 2017

68
Q

The Ted Talk video in which Katharine Hayhoe is in has over how many views

A

over 4 million times

69
Q

When did Donald Trump order the construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline to continue

A

early 2017

70
Q

When was the Brazilian government notified of the Anglo American withdrawal of the mines

A

May 2021

71
Q

Alessandra Korap Munduruku helped protect how many acres of rainforest by protesting

A

more than 400,000 acres

72
Q

How many participants were part of the Fridays for Future movement that began in 2018

A

14 million

73
Q

How many cities were part of the Fridays for Future movement that began in 2018

A

7500

74
Q

When did Greta Thunberg give her speech in Vienna

A

2019

75
Q

How old was Greta Thunberg when she did her Fridays for Future movement

A

15

76
Q

How many application to mine inside Indigenous territories did Anglo American withdraw

A

27

Soc Sci Section 4 24-25 (7 decks)

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