Social Psychology Part 3

Question 1

Define Stereotypes

Answer 1

Characteristics that are attributed to people due to their membership of a group.

Question 2

Define Prejudice

Answer 2

• Judging someone based upon stereotypes
• It influences outgroups and ingroup members

Question 3

Define Discrimination

Answer 3

Performing behaviours towards members of a group based upon stereotypes

Question 4

Define Aggression

Answer 4

Defined as verbal or physical behaviour that is aimed at harming another person or living being (e.g. an animal) and can manifest itself in various behaviours.

Question 5

What are the 2 Types of Aggression?

Answer 5

1. Hostile Aggression: Impulsive aggression is often elicited by anger. Physically or verbally
2. Instrumental Aggression: Calm and premeditated

Question 6

Define Violence

Answer 6

It is an extreme form of aggression such as assault, rape or murder.

Question 7

Define Antisocial Behaviour

Answer 7

Behaviour that damages interpersonal relationships and is deemed undesirable.

Question 8

List the Theories of Aggression

Answer 8

1. Instinctual perspective (Freud): Believed to come from the unconscious instinct (Thanos).
2. Evolutionary perspective: The use of aggressive behaviour to survive
3. Biological perspective: This focuses on brain function and neurotransmitters that can increase aggression
4. Cognitive-social perspective: The ides that aggression is learned through modelling.
5. The general aggression model: This model looks at how a person and situational variables influence aggression

Question 9

What are the health of belonging?

Answer 9

Loneliness is associated with:
- Smoking
- CVD
- HIV
- Depression
- Dementia

Question 10

What influences Attraction?

Answer 10

1. Similarity:
   - Similar in various aspects such as values, interest, attitudes, IQ, education, personality and even physical looks
2. Interpersonal Rewards
   - Rewards obtained from a relationship
   - This is based on the behaviour principle of operant conditioning, if get a reward from that relationship, we are more likely to maintain it.
3. Physical Attractiveness
   - Preference from attractiveness
4. Proximity:
   - Being near someone regularly increases liking
5. Reciprocity:
   - Like people who like us

Question 11

Define Rejection

Answer 11

This occurs when we are excluded from a group or from a person and it doesn’t feel very nice

Question 12

Define Rejection Sensitivity

Answer 12

The person who’s being rejected tends to expect rejection in the future

Question 13

Define Passionate Love

Answer 13

• Emotional Connection
• Intence physiological arousal
• Sexual feeeling

Question 14

Defoen Companionate Love

Answer 14

• Emotional Intimacy
• Deep Affection
• Friendship

Question 15

Sternberg’s Triangle

Answer 15

1. Passion - emotional state and include high physiological arousal
2. Intamacy - feeling of closeness
3. Commitment - dedication to other person and the relationship

Question 16

Define Implicit Associations Test

Answer 16

Psychological test used to understand personal biases

Question 17

Bandura’s experiment

Answer 17

Children watched a video of a women acting violent towards a Bobo doll, and then children mimicked this behaviour. Shows how aggression can be modelled.