Social Psychology/Motivation

Question 1

What was Norman Triplett’s experiment?

Answer 1

why do cyclists rude faster in groups vs alone, was the groundwork for the social facilitation theory

Question 2

What is legitimate power?

Answer 2

It’s the power someone has because of their title—like a manager, teacher, coach, or team captain.

Question 3

what is an example of legitimate power?

Answer 3

boss telling you when to show up for work

Question 4

what is expert power?

Answer 4

Expert power is when people listen to you because you’re really good at something or know a lot about it.

Question 5

what is an example of expert power?

Answer 5

a doctor giving treatment advice

Question 6

what is reward power?

Answer 6

Reward power is when someone has power because they can give you something you want.

Question 7

what is an example of reward power?

Answer 7

A parent offering screen time or treats for doing chores

Question 8

What is coercive power?

Answer 8

Coercive power is when someone has power because they can punish you if you don’t follow their rules.

Question 9

what is an example of coercive power?

Answer 9

A coach benching a player for missing practice

Question 10

what is referent power?

Answer 10

Referent power is when people follow you because they look up to you or want to be like you.

Question 11

what is an example of referent power?

Answer 11

A popular team captain that others listen to because they respect them

Question 12

what is instrumental support?

Answer 12

tangible assistance that will help a person achieve goals

Question 13

what is an example of instrumental support?

Answer 13

-driving someone to an appointment
-parents paying sports fees
-spotting a weightlifter at the gym

Question 14

what is emotional support?

Answer 14

occurs through expressions of encouragement, caring and empathy towards a person

Question 15

what is an example of emotional support?

Answer 15

-praise friend for exercise effort
-sympathetic with work colleague over sore muscles

Question 16

what is informational support?

Answer 16

giving directions, advice and providing feedback

Question 17

what is an example of informational support?

Answer 17

-parent telling you how to play sport
-receive info from personal trainer

Question 18

what is companionship support?

Answer 18

Companionship support is when someone helps you feel better just by hanging out with you and making you feel like you belong.

Question 19

what is an example of companionship support?

Answer 19

-exercising with a friend

Question 20

what is validation social support?

Answer 20

involves comparing oneself with others to gauge progress and confirm one’s feelings and experiences are normal

Question 21

what is an example of validation social support?

Answer 21

people with heart diseases exercising in groups of people that also have heart disease

Question 22

how does social power affect family?

Answer 22

pressuring family members to be more active leads to decreased physical activity

Question 23

how does social support affect family?

Answer 23

increases exercise intentions and exercise adherence

Question 24

what is the independent variable?

Answer 24

what the researcher is manipulating

Question 25

what is the dependent variable?

Answer 25

the effect of the independent variable

Question 26

what is motivation?

Answer 26

the internal/external forces that produce initiation, direction and persistence of behaviour

Question 27

what is intrinsic motivation?

Answer 27

engaging in behaviours because of interest and enjoyment

Question 28

what is extrinsic motivation?

Answer 28

engaging in behaviours to attain rewards or outcomes that lie outside of the activity itself

Question 29

what is operant conditioning?

Answer 29

when you learn to do more of something that gets you a reward, and do less of something that leads to punishment.

Question 30

what is reinforcement?

Answer 30

any factor that increases frequency of behaviour

Question 31

what is positive reinforcement?

Answer 31

a reward

Question 32

what is negative reinforcement?

Answer 32

taking something away

Question 33

what is punishment?

Answer 33

any factor that decreases frequency of behaviour

Question 34

what is vicarious conditioning?

Answer 34

when you learn by observing others, not by doing it yourself.

Question 35

what is the self-determination theory?

Answer 35

people are happiest and most motivated when they feel like they're doing something because they want to, not just because they have to.

Question 36

what is amotivation?

Answer 36

absence of motivation

Question 37

what is external regulation?

Answer 37

type of extrinsic motivation where activity is done to fulfill an external demand

Question 38

what is introjected regulation?

Answer 38

type of extrinsic motivation where an activity is done to avoid negative emotions, enhance positive emotions or maintain self-worth

Question 39

what is identified regulation?

Answer 39

type of extrinsic motivation where an activity is linked to important goals that stem from participating in the activity

Question 40

what is integrated regulation?

Answer 40

type of extrinsic motivation where an activity is symbolic of the individuals identity

Question 41

what is intrinsic regulation?

Answer 41

where an activity is inherently satisfying, enjoyable, interesting, stimulating and self-rewarding

Question 42

what is attribution theory?

Answer 42

explains how we answer the question: “Why did that happen?” or “Why did they (or I) do that?”

Question 43

what is locus of control?

Answer 43

internal: ability + effort external: task difficulty/luck

Question 44

what is stability?

Answer 44

stable: ability/task difficulty unstable: effort/luck

Question 45

what is social cognitive theory?

Answer 45

explains that people learn by observing others and that what we think and believe about ourselves affects what we do.

Question 46

what is the key component of social cognitive theory?

Answer 46

self-efficacy: confidence about a specific thing

Question 47

what is the cognitive behavioural approach?

Answer 47

helps people identify and change negative thought patterns that lead to unhealthy behaviors or feelings, with the goal of improving mental well-being.