Self-Esteem/anxiety Flashcards
what does the perception of stress depend on?
depends upon one’s view of the environmental demand versus how to cope with the demand
what is anxiety?
a blend of psychological and physiological activation of an individuals autonomic nervous system
what are some characteristics of anxiety?
-universal
-discrete facial expression
-tendency to escape or avoid certain things
what is state anxiety?
-worries and apprehension that change from moment to moment
-the intensity of anxiety at a specific time
what is an example of state anxiety?
getting nervous when shooting a free throw in a game
what is an example of trait anxiety?
being anxious about performance in practice and games
what is trait anxiety?
part of an individuals personality, predisposing them to perceive situations as physically or psychologically threatening
what is cognitive anxiety?
reflects concerns and worries and reduced ability to focus/concentrate
what is somatic anxiety?
physical component of anxiety that refers to people’s perceptions of their body state (clammy hands, raised heart rate etc)
what is the multidimensional anxiety theory?
describes the relationship between cognitive and somatic components of anxiety and sport performance and how these change within phases of competition
what relationship with performance does somatic anxiety have?
inverted U
what relationship with performance does cognitive anxiety have?
negative linear relationship
What is IZOF
individual zones of optimal functioning theory
What does IZOF reveal?
athletes within their optimal state anxiety zone will be more likely to have better athletic performance
what is self-esteem?
an individuals subjective evaluation of their worth as a person
what are some costs of pursuing self-esteem?
-heightened negative emotions when experiencing failure
-performance anxiety
-putting others down to prop oneself up
what is self-compassion?
the recognition of one’s own suffering and a desire to alleviate it
what is self-kindness?
treating oneself with kindness and understanding
what is common humanity?
recognizing we are not alone in our suffering
what is mindfulness?
being in the moment and keeping emotions in a balanced awareness
what are the two types of self-compassion?
tender and fierce
what is a mental skills training program?
structured and consistent practice of psychological skills
what are the three phases of mental skills training programs?
-education: athletes recognize importance
-acquisition: athletes acquire and learn
-practice: athletes implement skills
what is a goal?
a target or objective that people strive to attain
what is goal setting?
the practice of establishing desirable objectives for one’s actions
what is an outcome goal?
represent standards of performance that focus on the results of a contest between opponents or teams
what is an example of an outcome goal?
setting a goal to beat a team in the final
what is a performance goal?
focusing on improvements relative to a past performance
what is an example of a performance goal?
setting a goal to run 100m in 11 seconds instead of 12
what is a process goal?
specifying the procedures in which the athlete must engage in during a performance
what is an example of a process goal?
A basketball player sets a goal to focus on proper shooting form during every free throw in practice.
what are some goal setting guidelines?
-state positively
-set goals for practice and competition
-be realistic
why is learning to relax important?
essential to regulate worry and anxiety about performance
what is muscle to mind relaxation?
focuses on releasing physical tension
what are examples of muscle to mind relaxation techniques?
breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation
what is mind to muscle relaxation?
focuses on efferent nerve control to release cognitive anxiety
what are examples of mind to muscle relaxation techniques?
meditation, autogenic training
what is imagery?
using one’s senses to re-create an experience in the mind
what are the two imagery perspectives?
-external: seeing image from outside body
-internal: seeing image from behind your own eyes
what is self-talk?
verbalization’s or statements that are addressed to the self
what two functions does self-talk serve?
-instructional: used for skill development, execution etc
-motivational: for mastery (being mentally ready), arousal (relaxing), and drive (increasing effort)
what are examples of instructional statements?
-“snap your wrist when you shoot the puck”
-“keep your head up while you skate”
what are examples of motivational statements?
-“I got this”
-“you know what to do”
what is direct intervention in team building?
when a consultant works directly with team
what is indirect intervention in team building?
when a consultant works with a coach/leader
