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Behavior > Social Psychology > Flashcards

Social Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What is social psychology?

A

the study of how individuals think, feel and behave in social interactions

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2
Q

What is “conformity?”

A

the tendency for people to bring their behavior in line with group norms

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3
Q

What distinguishes peer pressure from conformity?

A

peer pressure is the INFLUENCE that is put upon you to change some idea/behavior

conformity is the ACTION of actual change; this can be thought of as succumbing to what the peer pressure wanted you to do in the first place

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4
Q

What are the two types of influence that result in conformity?

A
  1. normative social influence

2. information social influence

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5
Q

What is normative social influence?

A

when a person conforms to the group in order to gain their approval and / or to avoid rejection

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6
Q

What is an example of normative social influence?

A

moving to a new school and giving up the tie-dye shirts you normally wear in favor of the name brand clothes that your peers buy

*done in hopes of making friends, being brought into their social circle

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7
Q

What is informational social influence?

A

when a person conforms to the group because they assume that group has more or better knowledge / information

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8
Q

What is an example of informational social influence?

A

taking a quiz in class, you see the “smart” person’s paper and change one of your answers to what they put down, regardless of how comfortable you initially felt with your answers

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9
Q

What researcher is associated with the word “confederate?”

A

Solomon Asch and his line tests on conformity

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10
Q

What is the difference between public vs private conformity?

A

public: conformity that occurs when we feel pressured to listen to the group, but privately disagree (more temporary)
private: conformity that occurs when we truly feel as though the group is right, and continues even in the absence of group members (you are convinced)

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11
Q

What is group polarization?

A

group decision making tends to intensify the original average view of the members

*this DOES NOT mean that the group becomes more divided, they just shift overall to the more extreme end of the spectrum

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12
Q

What is an example of group polarization?

A

when a jury takes a pre-deliberation vote and decides to rule on a misdemeanor charge with 6 months probation

after debates and discussions, the eventually decide to vote on a felony charge with 2 years jailtime

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13
Q

What is groupthink?

A

when harmony among group members is more important that critically reviewing the problem at hand

it’s a pressure not to “rock the boat;” opinions get censored in order to get a consensus and keep the illusion of unanimity

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14
Q

What is “mind-guarding?”

A

this is preventing dissenting opinions from permeating the group by filtering out info that goes against the groups beliefs

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15
Q

What is the distinction between conformity and obedience?

A

conformity = describes how we adjust our behavior or thinking in order to go along with a group

obedience = describes how we follow others and obey rules / people in power

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16
Q

What is “compliance?”

A

situations where we do a behavior to get a reward or avoid a punishment, such as paying taxes

17
Q

In terms of research studies what is “ecological validity?”

A

whether the conditions in the study mimic the conditions in the real world

18
Q

What are the 3 ways that behavior can be motivated by social influences?

A
  1. compliance
  2. identification
  3. internalization
19
Q

In terms of behavior, what is “identification?”

A

conforming due to the desire to be like another person or group

20
Q

In terms of behavior, what is “internalization?”

A

behavior motivated by values and beliefs that have been integrated into one’s own value system

21
Q

What factors influence conformity?

A
  1. group size
  2. unanimity
  3. group status
  4. group cohesion
  5. observed behavior vs anonymity
  6. public response
  7. prior commitments
  8. feelings of insecurity
22
Q

What factors influence obedience?

A
  1. relation to authority
  2. physical proximity
  3. legitimacy
  4. institutional authority
  5. victim distance
  6. depersonalization
  7. no models of defiance
23
Q

Are there any personality types that are more likely to cave to conformity and/or obedience?

A

NO

-although certain moods, cultures and statuses may have an effect

24
Q

What is the concept of “social facilitation?”

A

improvement in individual performance when in the presence of others

25
Q

What is the “dominant response” in social facilitation?

A

the response that is likely to happen, given the preparedness of the individual

  • if you practiced a speech for many hours and you are comfortable with the layout, the presence of others will improve your performance
  • if you haven’t practiced the speech much, the presence of others may make you even more nervous/skittish
26
Q

What is social loafing?

A

the tendency to put forth less effort when working on a group task so long as the individual contributions are not evaluated

27
Q

What are “agents of socialization?”

A

what is used to transmit culture / pass it around

28
Q

What is generally considered the most important agent of socialization?

A

family

29
Q

What are Cialdini’s Principles of Persuasion?

A
  1. reciprocity
  2. scarcity
  3. authority
  4. consistency
  5. liking
  6. consensus
30
Q

What is the principle of “reciprocity?”

A
  • the obligation to give when you receive

- ppl are more likely to say yes to ppl they “owe”

31
Q

What is the principle of “scarcity?”

A
  • ppl want more of the things they can have less of

- benefits + uniqueness + what you stand to lose

32
Q

What is the principle of “authority?”

A

-ppl will follow the lead of knowledgeable experts

33
Q

What is the principle of “consistency?”

A

commitments that can be made

34
Q

What is the principle of “liking?”

A

we like people who:

  1. are similar to us
  2. compliment us
  3. cooperate with us
35
Q

What is the principle of “consensus?”

A

-ppl will look to the actions of others in order to determine their own

36
Q

What is the theory of “self verification?”

A

people tend to seek out and agree with information that is consistent with one’s self concept

*example: You tend to view someone higher / more approvingly if they share the same characteristics as you

Behavior (5 decks)

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