Psychological Disorders Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is a “psychological disorder?”
behavioral and/or psychological Sx that are not in line with cultural norms, and impair normalcy in your life
*must cause distress
What is the guidebook for mental health professionals>
the DSM-V
Diagnostic & Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition
What is “ego-dystonic?”
when people are aware of their issue and tend to be distressed by it
What are examples of ego-dystonic disorders?
bipolar, OCD
-these individuals have an internal locus of control and are more likely to seek help
What is “ego-syntonic?”
when people don’t necessarily have a problem, or think that the problem lies within everyone else
What are examples are ego-syntonic disorders?
eating disorders, personality disorders
the actions and behaviors here are in line with the person’s self image
What is a “personality disorder?”
an enduring, rigid set of personality traits that deviates from cultural norms, impairs functioning and causes distress
What are “clusters?”
the categories that personality disorders get put into: A
What are the 3 different personality clusters?
A = “weird”
B = “wild”
C = “worried”
What are examples of cluster A personality disorders?
“weird”
- paranoid
- schizoTypal = magical Thinking / behavior (wearing a raincoat during the summer)
-schizoiD = Disinterest, Detachment, inDifference
What are examples of cluster B personality disorders?
“wild”
- antisocial = sociopath, psychopath
- borderline
- histrionic
- narcissistic
What are examples of cluster C personality disorders?
“worried”
-avoidant
-dependent (clingy)
-obsessive compulsive personality disorder
*these people are usually inefficient in their
practices, so they are much different from those
with “OCD”
What disorder is characterized by positive and negative symptoms?
schizoprenia
What are “positive” symptoms of schizophrenia?
these are present symptoms:
- hallucinations (auditory, visual)
- delusions
What are “negative” symptoms of schizophrenia?
these are traits that are absent in the individual:
- flat affect
- disorganized speech
- lack of motivation
When does schizophrenia usually present?
around adolescence
What is the “stress-diathesis theory?”
suggests that even with a genetic predisposition, stressors can elicit the onset
What is the role of Dopamine in schizophrenia?
overabundance of Dopamine
-both dopamine levels and # of dopamine receptors
What may explain the presence of positive signs of schizophrenia (like auditory hallucinations)?
hyperactivation of the temporal lobes
What types of antipsychotics are helpful in patients with schizophrenia?
dopamine antagonists
What may explain the negative signs of schizophrenia (flat affect, impaired speech)?
hypoactivation of the frontal lobes
What is “dementia?”
severe loss of cognitive ability beyond what would be expected from normal aging
What is the most prevalent form of dementia?
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)
What is the characteristic trait of Alzheimer’s?
formation of beta-amyloid plaques within brain tissue
