social psychology

Question 1

what is the ABCs of social psych? and what does it explore?

Answer 1

Affect (emotional effect) , behaviour (how it influences behaviour), cognition (thought and attitudes). how people thoughts, feelings and behaviour interact in the social environment

Question 2

what are attitudes?

Answer 2

they are formed as a result of judging an object, person, idea, place and they can be implicit/explicit and subtle

Question 3

what is conformity?

Answer 3

changing others beliefs, attitudes, opinions or behaviour to be complicit with social norm

Question 4

what is compliance?

Answer 4

getting others to do something

Question 5

what is obedience?

Answer 5

compliance that occurs to authority, expertise or someone in a higher social rank

Question 6

what is the norm of reciprocity?

Answer 6

you give something, they feel compelled to give it back

Question 7

what is deindividuation and an example of it?

Answer 7

in the presence of others we decrease in self regulation, participate in mob behaviour, or behave in unexpected ways
Example: stanford prison experiment

Question 8

what is stigma?

Answer 8

the shared beliefs about undesirable traits

Question 9

stereotype, prejudice and discrimination are what ABCs of social psych?

Answer 9

A: affect: prejudice (because of the type of emotion linked with prejudice)
B: behaviour: discrimination (because of the behaviour linked with discrimination)
C: cognition: stereotype (because of the belief of thoughts that make up the attitude)

Question 10

what is prejudice?

Answer 10

hostile or negative attitudes towards people in different groups based on that membership within that group

Question 11

how are in-groups and out-groups viewed?

Answer 11

in groups are more favoured receive better treatment, out-groups are viewed negatively to protect the self

Question 12

what is scapegoating?

Answer 12

when unhappy or annoyed people displace aggression on groups that tend to be disliked and powerless. so we blame other groups for our misfortunes

Question 13

what is frustration-aggression theory?

Answer 13

aggressive acts caused by frustration

Question 14

what does the cave experiment show?

Answer 14

in-group bias; but when different groups share a desired goal, cooperation and interdependence can occur, leading to improved intergroup relations

Question 15

what is the jigsaw classroom?

Answer 15

5th graders were put in groups together with those from different racial and academic backgrounds

Question 16

what did the jigsaw classroom show?

Answer 16

diverse groups led to more enjoyment, better self-esteem, and less prejudice

Question 17

what is bem’s self perception theory?

Answer 17

we infer our attitudes from our behaviour. behaviour causes attitudes

Question 18

what is heider’s balance theory?

Answer 18

a balance must exist between interpersonal relationships so that psychological harmony can exist. same attitude towards and attitude object = balance

Question 19

what are the three elements of interpersonal relationships?

Answer 19

P- person
O - object/other
X - attitude object

Question 20

how strong is the attitude behaviour link?

Answer 20

weak

Question 21

what is cognitive dissonance theory?

Answer 21

a feeling of discomfort we experience when we behave in a way that does not align with our attitudes

Question 22

what do we do when we experience cognitive dissonance?

Answer 22

we try to minimise it. we try and change the attitude to match the behaviour, or change the behaviour to match the attitude

Question 23

what is the elaboration likelihood model?

Answer 23

it is how we process persuasive messages. either carefully or superficial.

Question 24

what is the peripheral route of persuasion and what is the central route of persuasion?

Answer 24

peripheral route of persuasion is when we rely on heuristics, unwilling or unable to comprehend the message, and they less likely to persuade someone
central route of persuasion is when we carefully analyse a message, and are motivated to comprehend it, they are more likely to persuade someone

Question 25

what is normative social influence?

Answer 25

social forces that exert pressure to conform to social norms to avoid group disapproval

Question 26

what did asch and milgrams obedience studies show?

Answer 26

how situational pressures can influence conformity and determine behaviour

Question 27

what is adaptive conservatism?

Answer 27

evolutionary principle that causes a increased likelihood of distrusting anything or anyone thats different

Question 28

what is the ultimate attribution error?

Answer 28

attributing the negative behaviour of entire groups to their internal attributes or traits

Question 29

what is out-group homogeneity?

Answer 29

tendency to view all people in the group as highly similar and most likely having at least one undesirable trait

Question 30

what is discrimination?

Answer 30

the behaviour of treating out-group members differently from in-group members

Question 31

what is blatant prejudice?

Answer 31

open expression of hostility and negative attitudes

Question 32

what is subtle prejudice?

Answer 32

tends to be indirect and denying positive expression to minority groups

Question 33

what is racial socialisation?

Answer 33

educating and training people about the nature of racism and its consequences