social psych

Question 1

Those with privilege may hold beliefs that they are superior to others or others are inferior to them, that they have the power to impose standards, and that their reality is the same experience for everyone. This sort of worldview is known as:
Select one:

A.
ethnocentric monoculturalism.

B.
prejudice.

C.
racism.

D.
discrimination.

Answer 1

A.

ethnocentric monoculturalism.

Question 2

According to Hays (2001), would a 25-year-old person be considered privileged?
Select one:

A.
Yes, their age affords them rights that other age groups do not have.

B.
No, the age group identified as privileged is between 30 and 60 years of age.

C.
No, age is not included in the groups Hays identified.

D.
Yes, 25-year-olds are more able-bodied than older people, which affords them greater privilege.

Answer 2

B.

No, the age group identified as privileged is between 30 and 60 years of age.

Question 3

In the context of attitude change, “inoculation” refers to:
Select one:

A.
reducing the likelihood that a listener will be persuaded by a message.

B.
increasing a listener’s attention to a message.

C.
reducing the likelihood that a listener will forget a message.

D.
increasing the attractiveness of the person delivering the message.

Answer 3

A.

reducing the likelihood that a listener will be persuaded by a message.

Question 4

In a research study on bystander intervention, a participant hears someone fall and cry out in pain in an adjacent room. In this situation, the participant is most likely to respond to this apparent need for help when he/she is:
Select one:

A.
alone

B.
with a friend

C.
with a stranger

D.
with three or more other people

Answer 4

a. alone

Question 5

The belief that watching someone else act aggressively will serve to reduce one’s own aggressiveness is most consistent with the notion of:
Select one:

A.
attitude inoculation

B.
vicarious reinforcement

C.
catharsis

D.
desensitization

Answer 5

c. catharsis

Question 6

Sherif (1935) used which of the following to investigate conformity to group norms?
Select one:

A.
Visual cliff

B.
Jigsaw classroom

C.
Door-in-the-face technique

D.
Autokinetic effect

Answer 6

d. autokinetic effect

Question 7

During a family therapy session, the therapist tells the 8-year-old son that he should keep annoying his sister, even though it makes her very mad. The boy says, “I don’t have to if I don’t want to.” The boy’s response to the therapist’s request is best described as a manifestation of which of the following?
Select one:

A.
Paradox

B.
Double-bind

C.
Source derogation

D.
Psychological reactance

Answer 7

d. psychological reactance

Question 8

A father is quite upset about his 11-year-old son’s recent unwillingness to do as he is told, and he tells his son, “I’m the boss around here and you must do as I say.” The father is relying on which type of social power to control his son’s behavior?
Select one:

A.
Expert

B.
Referent

C.
Legitimate

D.
Coercive

Answer 8

c. legitimate

Question 9

Which of the following is not an example of a social norm?
Select one:

A.
Shaking hands when meeting someone

B.
Saying niceties

C.
Calling to let someone know you’ll be late

D.
Looking down when conversing with someone

Answer 9

D.

Looking down when conversing with someone

Question 10

A person with symbolic racist views is least likely to oppose which of the following?
Select one:

A.
Affirmative action

B.
School integration

C.
Welfare

D.
Bilingual election ballots

Answer 10

b. school integration

Question 11

The tendency for a person’s internal motivation to perform a task to weaken when an external reward is presented is known as the:
Select one:

A.
availability heuristic.

B.
dilution effect.

C.
psychological reactance.

D.
overjustification hypothesis.

Answer 11

D.

overjustification hypothesis.

Question 12

Asch (1946) found that some characteristics (e.g., warm and cold) influence the impressions people form of others more than other characteristics do, and he referred to these influential characteristics as:
Select one:

A.
stable attributes

B.
central traits

C.
schemata

D.
stereotypes

Answer 12

b. central traits

Question 13

Moscovici (1985) found that individuals with a minority opinion are most likely to change the minds of those holding the majority opinion when those with the minority opinion:
Select one:

A.
express their opinion as consistently as possible.

B.
use ingratiation techniques to gain the acceptance of members of the majority.

C.
initially agree with the majority position and gradually introduce their own opinion.

D.
point out the ways in which they agree with the majority.

Answer 13

a. express their opinion as consistently as possible

Question 14

According to social comparison theory:
Select one:

A.
we feel better when people like and appreciate us.

B.
we often judge our own actions by looking at those of other people.

C.
we tend to imitate other people who we perceive to be most like us.

D.
we are most attracted to people who compare favorably with us.

Answer 14

B.

we often judge our own actions by looking at those of other people.

Question 15

In general, a communicator of a persuasive message will produce the greatest amount of attitude change in a listener when the communicator is _____ in credibility and the discrepancy between the listener’s initial position and the position advocated by the communicator is _____.
Select one:

A.
high; moderate

B.
high; small

C.
low; large

D.
low; moderate

Answer 15

a. high, moderate

Question 16

Participants in a research study are injected with epinephrine, which produces mild arousal. One-half of the participants are told to expect arousal while the other half are told that the injection will have no physiological side effects. Each participant is then placed in a waiting room with a confederate who has been instructed to act in an angry manner. Subsequently, participants who were told to expect arousal from the epinephrine report no change in their emotional state, while those who were told to expect no side effects report feeling angry. Results of this study provide evidence for which of the following?
Select one:

A.
Attribution theory

B.
Dissonance theory

C.
Self-serving bias

D.
Self-perception theory

Answer 16

d. self perception theory

Question 17

The elaboration likelihood model predicts that the recipient of a persuasive message is more likely to use the peripheral route of information processing when:
Select one:

A.
the person delivering the message is a well-liked and trusted celebrity.

B.
the recipient is in a neutral or slightly negative mood.

C.
the message is considered important or personally relevant by the recipient.

D.
the recipient has a high need for cognition.

Answer 17

A.

the person delivering the message is a well-liked and trusted celebrity.

Question 18

In Zimbardo’s (1972) prison study, students were randomly assigned to enact the role of either a prisoner or prison guard and were placed in an environment that simulated an actual prison. Results of the study indicated that:
Select one:

A.
introverted prisoners and extroverted prison guards more easily adapted to their roles than did extroverted prisoners and introverted prison guards.

B.
prisoners and prison guards more easily adapted to their roles when they were paid for participating in the study than when they were not paid.

C.
prisoners and prison guards both quickly adapted to their assigned roles to such an extreme that the study had to be terminated early.

D.
prisoners and prison guards actively resisted their assigned roles and often deliberately engaged in “role reversal.”

Answer 18

C.
prisoners and prison guards both quickly adapted to their assigned roles to such an extreme that the study had to be terminated early.

Question 19

_____________ refers to publicly acting in ways that are consistent with what is requested by another person in order to obtain a reward or avoid punishment while privately disagreeing with the request.
Select one:

A.
Identification

B.
Internalization

C.
Commitment

D.
Compliance

Answer 19

D.

Compliance

Question 20

The results of research on the “jigsaw classroom” are consistent with which of the following?
Select one:

A.
The results of Sherif’s Robber’s Cave study

B.
The results of Zimbardo’s deindividuation study

C.
The predictions of Berkowitz’s frustration-aggression hypothesis

D.
The predictions of Ajzen and Fishbein’s theory of reasoned action

Answer 20

A.

The results of Sherif’s Robber’s Cave study

Question 21

Schachter’s (1959) conclusion that “misery loves miserable company” is most consistent with the predictions of which of the following?
Select one:

A.
Social impact theory

B.
The overjustification hypothesis

C.
The notion of psychological reactance

D.
Social comparison theory

Answer 21

d. social comparison theory

Question 22

Raymond R. and his wife have not been getting along for some time, and Raymond has recently started thinking about seeking a divorce. The problem with getting a divorce is that it will require Raymond to either divide the business he and his wife have or to sell his share of the business to her, neither of which appeals to him. The problem with staying with his wife is that Raymond will have to continue putting up with her nagging and his feeling that he has no “life of his own.” Assuming that Raymond is experiencing an “avoidance-avoidance conflict,” it is most likely that he will do which of the following in the near future?
Select one:

A.
Choose one of his two options and feel confident that it was the correct one

B.
Vacillate between the two options, first choosing one and then the other

C.
Antagonize his wife in order to force her to make the decision to get a divorce

D.
Decide that “no one is really satisfied anyway” and, consequently, stay with his wife

Answer 22

B.

Vacillate between the two options, first choosing one and then the other

Question 23

Research on the “intergroup contact hypothesis” has demonstrated that antagonism between members of two groups is most likely to be reduced when:
Select one:

A.
members of the two groups are initially provided with numerous opportunities for casual (superficial) contact.

B.
members of the two groups are provided with incentives for getting along while interacting.

C.
the leaders from each group meet to discuss the issues underlying the antagonism before group members interact.

D.
interactions between group members provide opportunities to disconfirm negative stereotypes.

Answer 23

D.

interactions between group members provide opportunities to disconfirm negative stereotypes.

Question 24

According to Baumeister, Catanese, and Wallace (2002), a man may feel that his personal freedom is being restricted when a woman refuses his sexual advances and, as a result, become aggressive toward the woman. Baumeister and his colleagues suggest that, in some circumstances, sexual aggression toward women by men may be attributable to which of the following?
Select one:

A.
Sublimation

B.
Psychological reactance

C.
Coercive power

D.
Behavioral catharsis

Answer 24

b. psychological reactance

Question 25

The elaboration likelihood model (ELM) of persuasion predicts that:
Select one:

A.
central route processing produces attitude change that is more persistent over time than does peripheral route processing.

B.
in terms of short-term effects, central route processing produces a greater amount of attitude change than does peripheral route processing.

C.
central route processing relies more on environmental cues than does peripheral route processing.

D.
central route processing produces positive attitude change while peripheral route processing is more likely to produce negative attitude change.

Answer 25

A.
central route processing produces attitude change that is more persistent over time than does peripheral route processing.

Question 26

Research on __________ has found that people tend to pay more attention to information that confirms their beliefs about themselves than to information that contradicts those beliefs.
Select one:

A.
frustration-aggression hypothesis

B.
heuristics

C.
schemas

D.
metamemory

Answer 26

c. schemas

Question 27

The tendency to take credit for our successes but to blame other people or external circumstances for our failures is referred to as the:
Select one:

A.
fundamental attribution bias.
Incorrect

B.
confirmation bias.

C.
self-serving bias.

D.
optimism bias.

Answer 27

c. self serving bias

Question 28

In a research study, prison inmates and counselors working at the prison were asked to explain why the inmates had committed their crimes. In response, the inmates cited situational factors, while the counselors attributed the offenses to the dispositional characteristics of the inmates. Which of the following predicts the outcome of this study?
Select one:

A.
Fundamental attribution bias

B.
Self-serving bias

C.
Actor-observer effect

D.
False consensus effect

Answer 28

c. actor observer effect

Question 29

According to Berscheid’s (1991) emotion-in-relationships model, strong emotions in romantic relationships occur when:
Select one:

A.
interactions between partners deviate from expected patterns.

B.
interactions between partners become coercive.

C.
a partner’s internal working model of intimate relationships is not effective.

D.
a partner’s unrealistic expectations about romantic relationships are contradicted.

Answer 29

a. interactions between partners deviate from expected patterns

Question 30

Solomon Asch (1958) found that a research participant's conformity to group norms was substantially reduced when:
Select one:

A.
the stimulus was unambiguous.

B.
even one of the group members (confederates) deviated from the group norm.

C.
the participant was not directly pressured to conform to the group norm.

D.
the discrepancy between the judgment of the confederates and the judgment of the participants increased over time.

Answer 30

B.

even one of the group members (confederates) deviated from the group norm.

Question 31

Which of the following emphasizes the role of the costs and rewards of a relationship on a person’s decision to stay in the relationship?
Select one:

A.
Gain-loss theory

B.
Expectancy theory

C.
Social exchange theory

D.
Social comparison theory

Answer 31

C.

Social exchange theory

Question 32

You are convinced that you are psychic because you’re able to predict when close friends are going to call you on the phone. As a result, you always notice the times when your predictions are correct but ignore those times when they’re not. This is an example of which of the following?
Select one:

A.
Correspondence bias

B.
Confirmation bias

C.
Self-fulfilling prophecy effect

D.
Post hoc fallacy

Answer 32

b. confirmation bias

Question 33

When Rosenhan’s (1973) pseudo-patients were admitted to a mental health facility after reporting that they were “hearing voices,” they were:
Select one:

A.
recognized as being normal by most staff members but not by the other patients.

B.
recognized as being normal by the other patients more often than by the staff members.

C.
not recognized as being normal by the staff members or patients until they stopped faking their symptoms.

D.
not recognized as being normal by the staff members or patients even after they stopped faking their symptoms.

Answer 33

B.

recognized as being normal by the other patients more often than by the staff members.

Question 34

Sherif and Hovland’s (1961) “social judgment theory” is useful for understanding which of the following?
Select one:

A.
Interpersonal attraction

B.
Attitude change

C.
Attribution of cause

D.
Impression formation

Answer 34

b. attitude change

Question 35

Lewin’s (1936) “field theory” predicts that human behavior is a function of:
Select one:

A.
the person’s attitude, values, and beliefs.

B.
the person’s actual and perceived abilities.

C.
the characteristics of the person and the person’s environment.

D.
the antecedents and consequences of the behavior.

Answer 35

c. the characteristics of the person and the persons environment

Question 36

“Self-verification theory” predicts that a person with low self-esteem will prefer to receive evaluations from others that:
Select one:

A.
confirm his/her own negative self-evaluations.

B.
refute his/her own negative self-evaluations.

C.
avoid addressing his/her self-evaluations.

D.
are clearly non-evaluative.

Answer 36

A.

confirm his/her own negative self-evaluations.

Question 37

According to Sherif and Hovland’s (1961) “social judgment theory,” a person’s latitudes of rejection, non-commitment, and acceptance are affected by which of the following?
Select one:

A.
The person’s level of involvement with the topic addressed by the persuasive message

B.
The person’s perceptions about the consequences of altering his/her opinion or behavior

C.
The person’s self-efficacy beliefs

D.
The person’s level of cognitive dissonance

Answer 37

A.

The person’s level of involvement with the topic addressed by the persuasive message

Question 38

Aronson and Linder’s (1965) “gain-loss theory” predicts that we will like a person most when his/her evaluations of us are:
Select one:

A.
initially positive and remain positive.

B.
initially negative but become positive.

C.
initially positive but become negative.

D.
initially and subsequently neutral.

Answer 38

B.

initially negative but become positive.

Question 39

As a supervisor, Jason J. always tries to modify his communication and managerial style so that they “match” the style and characteristics of the particular employee he is interacting with. Based on this information, you can conclude that Jason:
Select one:

A.
is high in self-monitoring.

B.
is high in initiating structure.

C.
has low self-efficacy beliefs.

D.
has an internal locus of control.

Answer 39

a. is high in self monitoring

Question 40

Which of the following is true about a person who is faced with an “approach-avoidance” conflict?
Select one:

A.
The closer the person gets to his/her goal, the stronger the desire to approach it.

B.
The closer the person gets to his/her goal, the stronger the desire to avoid it.

C.
Regardless of his/her proximity to the goal, the person’s desire to avoid the goal is stronger than his/her desire to approach it.

D.
Regardless of his/her proximity to the goal, the person’s desire to approach it is equal to the desire to avoid it.

Answer 40

B.

The closer the person gets to his/her goal, the stronger the desire to avoid it.

Question 41

In a research study, a social psychologist offers participants either $1.00 or $20.00 to tell potential participants that a dull experiment was very interesting. With regard to “cognitive dissonance theory” and “self-perception theory,” which of the following is true?
Select one:

A.
Cognitive dissonance theory predicts that participants in the $1.00 condition will subsequently report greater liking for the dull experiment. Self-perception theory predicts that participants in the $20.00 condition will subsequently report greater liking for the dull experiment.

B.
Self-perception theory predicts that participants in the $1.00 condition will subsequently report greater liking for the dull experiment. Cognitive dissonance theory predicts that participants in the $20.00 condition will subsequently report greater liking for the dull experiment.

C.
Cognitive dissonance theory and self-perception theory both predict that participants in the $1.00 condition will subsequently report greater liking for the dull experiment than will those in the $20.00 condition.

D.
Cognitive dissonance theory and self-perception theory both predict that participants in the $20.00 condition will subsequently report greater liking for the dull experiment than will those in the $1.00 condition.

Answer 41

C.
Cognitive dissonance theory and self-perception theory both predict that participants in the $1.00 condition will subsequently report greater liking for the dull experiment than will those in the $20.00 condition.

Question 42

When a listener is exposed to both sides of an argument, a “primacy effect” is most likely to occur when:
Select one:

A.
the first side of the argument is presented immediately before the second side and the listener’s attitude is measured immediately after presentation of the second argument.

B.
the first side of the argument is presented immediately before the second side and the listener’s attitude is measured at a later time.

C.
there is a delay between presentation of the first and second sides of the argument and the listener’s attitude is measured immediately after presentation of the second argument.

D.
there is a delay between presentation of the first and second sides of the argument and the listener’s attitude is measured at a later time.

Answer 42

B.
the first side of the argument is presented immediately before the second side and the listener’s attitude is measured at a later time.

Question 43

Research on persuasion has found that people who argue against their own self-interest are:
Select one:

A.
usually viewed by listeners as untrustworthy.

B.
usually viewed by listeners as credible.

C.
viewed as reliable by uninformed listeners only.

D.
viewed as knowledgeable by listeners who have low-esteem.

Answer 43

B.

usually viewed by listeners as credible.

Question 44

Research on persuasion revealed that, one month following exposure to a persuasive message, participants in the study could remember the message, but they had forgotten the source of the message. This result is a manifestation of which of the following?
Select one:

A.
Primacy effect

B.
Deindividuation

C.
Sleeper effect

D.
Correspondence bias

Answer 44

c. sleeper effect

Question 45

People who frequently view media violence are most likely to:
Select one:

A.
exhibit high levels of empathy for the victims of violence.

B.
judge aggressive retaliation as unacceptable and unjustifiable.

C.
report that they have been the victims of unprovoked violence.

D.
overestimate the likelihood that they will be a victim of violence.

Answer 45

D.

overestimate the likelihood that they will be a victim of violence.

Question 46

The “jigsaw technique” is a(n):
Select one:

A.
individual decision-making strategy.

B.
cooperative learning strategy.

C.
method for reducing susceptibility to persuasion.

D.
method for decreasing conformity to group norms.

Answer 46

B.

cooperative learning strategy.

Question 47

A co-worker says, “It never fails. Every time I plan to go hiking with my children, it rains.” Assuming that your co-worker’s claim is not really true, her statement is best described as a manifestation of which of the following?
Select one:

A.
False consensus bias

B.
Hedonic relevance

C.
Base rate fallacy

D.
Illusory correlation

Answer 47

D.

Illusory correlation

Question 48

Which of the following is most important for reducing the negative effects of crowding on behavior?

Select one:

A.
Diffusion of responsibility

B.
Level of self-monitoring

C.
A sense of control

D.
Behavioral incentives

Answer 48

c. a sense of control

Question 49

A movie viewer is most likely to report feeling uncomfortable in a crowded movie theater when he/she is viewing a ________ film.
Select one:

A.
frightening

B.
sexually arousing

C.
humorous

D.
boring

Answer 49

d. boring

Question 50

According to Herek (1991), harassment of and violence against lesbians and gay men is the result of:
Select one:

A.
an antisocial predisposition.

B.
extreme authoritarianism.

C.
homophobia.

D.
heterosexism.

Answer 50

D.

heterosexism.

Question 51

Berkowitz (1971) revised the original frustration-aggression hypothesis by proposing that frustration leads to aggression only when:
Select one:

A.
the aggressor anticipates positive consequences for acting aggressively.

B.
there are aggressive cues in the environment.

C.
the recipient of the aggression has low status.

D.
the recipient of the aggression provoked the aggressor.

Answer 51

B.

there are aggressive cues in the environment.

Question 52

In a research study, boys observe a model acting aggressively toward an inflatable “Bobo” doll. For some boys, the model is rewarded for acting aggressively; for others, the model is punished; and, for others, the model is neither rewarded nor punished. Subsequently, all boys are offered incentives for acting aggressively toward the doll. Based on your knowledge of Bandura’s (1983) research on “social learning theory,” you predict that:
Select one:

A.
only boys who observed the model being rewarded for being aggressive toward the doll will themselves act aggressively toward the doll.

B.
only boys who observed the model being rewarded or receiving no consequence for being aggressive toward the doll will themselves act aggressively toward the doll.

C.
only boys who observed the model being punished for acting aggressively toward the doll will themselves act aggressively toward the doll.

D.
all boys (those who saw the model being rewarded, receiving no consequence, or being punished for being aggressive toward the doll) will themselves act aggressively toward the doll.

Answer 52

D.
all boys (those who saw the model being rewarded, receiving no consequence, or being punished for being aggressive toward the doll) will themselves act aggressively toward the doll.

Question 53

“Cognitive dissonance theory” is most useful for understanding:
Select one:

A.
interpersonal attraction.

B.
minority influence.

C.
self attributions.

D.
attitude change.

Answer 53

d. attitude change

Question 54

A therapy client is exhibiting a “depressive attributional style” when she consistently attributes the negative events she experiences to:
Select one:

A.
internal, stable, and global factors.

B.
external, stable, and global factors.

C.
internal, unstable, and specific factors.

D.
external, unstable, and specific factors.

Answer 54

A.

internal, stable, and global factors.

Question 55

The predictions of “social exchange theory” are most applicable to ones’s relationships with:
Select one:

A.
close friends.

B.
parents.

C.
romantic partners.

D.
business associates.

Answer 55

d. business associates

Question 56

Research by Herek and colleagues (2000) on the attitudes of heterosexual men and women toward gays and lesbians has found that all of the following have been linked to higher levels of sexual prejudice EXCEPT:
Select one:

A.
being of younger age.

B.
high levels of authoritarianism.

C.
conservative political views.

D.
lower levels of education.

Answer 56

a. being of younger age

Question 57

Zimbardo’s (1970) “deindividuation model” applies to which of the following?
Select one:

A.
Cooperative behavior

B.
Aggressive behavior

C.
Sexual prejudice

D.
Self-attributions

Answer 57

b. aggressive behavior

Question 58

Which of the following has been used to explain the phenomenon known as the “Zeigarnik Effect”?
Select one:

A.
Bystander apathy

B.
Intergroup cooperation

C.
Deindividuation

D.
Psychic tension

Answer 58

D.

Psychic tension

Question 59

_____________ predicts that our perceptions of fairness in relationships are more important than the absolute costs and rewards of being in that relationship.
Select one:

A.
Social comparison theory

B.
Social judgment theory

C.
Equity theory

D.
Self-verification theory

Answer 59

c. equity theory

Question 60

Ajzen’s (1991) “theory of planned behavior” predicts that attitudes are good predictors of a person’s behavior when the measure of attitudes assesses the person’s:
Select one:

A.
intrinsic motivation

B.
ego involvement

C.
behavioral intention

D.
past behavior

Answer 60

c. behavioral intention

Question 61

The belief that other people are paying more attention to our appearance and behavior than they actually are is known as the:
Select one:

A.
spotlight effect.

B.
the actor/observer effect.

C.
the shrinking violet effect.

D.
the center stage effect.

Answer 61

a. spotlight effect

Question 62

Heider’s (1958) “balance theory” describes attitude change as a function of which of the following?
Select one:

A.
Categories of judgment

B.
Fear arousal

C.
Cognitive consistency

D.
Behavioral intentions

Answer 62

c. cognitive consistency

Question 63

According to Kelman (1961), the possible responses to social influence are:
Select one:

A.
compliance, identification, and internalization.

B.
conformity, compliance, and obedience.

C.
compliance, conformity, and internalization.

D.
rejection, concession, and compliance.

Answer 63

A.

compliance, identification, and internalization.

Question 64

Stanley Milgram investigated which of the following at Yale University in the 1960s?
Select one:

A.
The willingness of individuals to conform to group norms even when those norms were obviously incorrect

B.
The willingness of individuals to obey an authority even when doing so had harmful consequences for someone else

C.
The ability of individuals holding a minority opinion to influence the opinion of the majority

D.
The ability of exposure to repeated conflict among groups to generate hostility and aggression toward members of the outgroup

Answer 64

B.

The willingness of individuals to obey an authority even when doing so had harmful consequences for someone else

Question 65

The “base rate fallacy” refers to the tendency to:
Select one:

A.
believe that a particular chance event is affected by the occurrence of previous events.

B.
overestimate the link between two events that are unrelated or only slightly related.

C.
focus on a specific case rather than general information when reaching a conclusion or making a judgment.

D.
overestimate the number of people who share one’s beliefs, opinions, and attitudes.

Answer 65

C.

focus on a specific case rather than general information when reaching a conclusion or making a judgment.

Question 66

Research on prejudice indicates that certain conditions can reduce intergroup hostilities. Which of the following conditions would be MOST effective for reducing racial prejudice displayed by groups of White and African American children?
Select one:

A.
The children are required to cooperate in order to achieve a common goal.

B.
The children are confronted with a “common enemy.”

C.
Contact between the children occurs daily over an extended period of time.

D.
The children are provided with norms that prescribe courtesy and friendliness.

Answer 66

A.

The children are required to cooperate in order to achieve a common goal.

Question 67

In his book, The Nature of Prejudice, Gordon Allport concludes that:
Select one:

A.
stateways cannot change folkways.

B.
stateways can only intensify existing folkways.

C.
stateways are often in advance of folkways.

D.
folkways always proceed stateways.

Answer 67

C.

stateways are often in advance of folkways.