Social justice, social welfare and refugees, immigrants, temporary workers, and undocumented migrants Flashcards
Why do people migrate?
Better job opportunities Refuge Better quality of life Family reunification school/education
Define migration
moving to a new place
Define immigrant
moving into country
Define emmigrant
moving out of country
Define permanent residency
permanent/indefinite permission to live in a country
Define settlement
process after immigrant arrives
Define citezenship/visitor/temp resident
becoming an official citizen of a country
Define refugee claiment/asylum seeker
asking to be recognized as an asylum seeker after arrival
Forced to flee his or her country because of persecution, war or violence - well-founded fear of current living conditions
Define undocumented immigrant
no aper with permittance to stay in country
Define 1st 2nd 1.5 gen
1st gen - migrated / 2nd gen - in country child of immigrant / 1.5 gen - migrated w/parents at a very young age
What are the two measurements of global migration?
Migration flow - how many people are migrating (2016: 5mil)
Migration stock - how many immigrants in country (2015: 3.3% pop)
Talk through the process of immigrating to Canada?
No permission - application - temporary visa - application - permanent residency - application - test - citizenship
Why would someone be inadmissible for immigration?
Security - threat to society (criminal record)
Health - to costly to care for person (see below)
Lying in an application - misrepresentation
Family member is inadmissible - Medical: providing services to care for condition costs 3x canadian average (6655$/year)
What are two examples of programs for temporary workers in Canada?
hint: there are two major differences between them
International mobility programs (IMP): advancing canadian interests, labour market impact assesment not nessesary, includes NAFTA, reciprocal arrangements (HIGH-SKILL)
Temporary foreign workers program: LMIA required, no reciprocity - “filling gaps” (LOW-SKILL)
What is the highest percentage (reason) for aquiring permanent residency? the lowest? middle?
Economic advancement (63) Family sponsorship (24) Refugees/humanitarian (13)
What does it mean to qualify through fed gov? prov gov?
Once an immigrant has qualified through fed gov they can go anywhere in country. They can also go through prov gov nominee program but they are stuck in that prov.
What is the points system based on for immigration? What is weighted the most? the least?
hint: 6
Language ability - weighted the most Education Work experience Age Arranged employment - weighted the least Adaptability - weighted the least
What is essential to family reunification?
Must prove relationships are legitimate and that sponsor is eligible and that sponsored person is not inadmissible (sponsorship undertaking)
How long is refugee assistance program available to newcomers? limits?
For gov sponsored refugees - first year only
Tied to social assistance rates
Must pay back cost of medical examination and transport to canada
What is meant by naturalisation?
think: eligibility criteria
Pass citizen test, pay back initial fees, present for 1095 days (3 years), filed taxes, permanent residen, official language ability
Readings: Service Use by Immigrant: Families Caring for an Older Relative: A Question of Culture or Structure?
Main take-aways?
think: limitations of services - why not acess services?
Immigrant families tend to provide more care and less formal services for elderly/disabled members of family - strong feeling of solidarity/fear of symbolic consequences of parental abandonment
Elderly fear home caretakers (no attachment = intruder)
Lack of knowledge of essential services due to language barriers
Immigration law makes accessibility difficult
If illegal - fear of being
deported curbs getting help
Cultural insensitivity - services don’t meet cultural/linguistic needs
What are some outlined immprovements to services that could benefit newcomers with aging family members?
Cultural competency for staff members, diminish quick turnover/lack of longterm care
Analysing cultural differences and placing them in proper care context for individual’s needs
Look @ structural issues not just cultural barriers
Readings: Experiences of family reunification: A submission to the Standing Committee on Citizenship and Immigration
main take-aways?
think: what are the problems with the current system? wut is section 117(d)?
Processing time: too slow, needs to be more efficient
Together: families separated over application period have a way harder time completing surveys without error
Information/transparency: no idea what’s happening to their applications- anxiety
Exclusion: age of dependant, adopted kids, 117(9) (d) - fraud not declaring kids shouldn’t punish the kid (useless bill), quota (limits applicants for no reason), minimum income requirements - unreasonable
