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Psychology > Social Interaction > Flashcards

Social Interaction Flashcards

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1
Q

What are statuses?

A

Positions in society that are used to classify individuals

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2
Q

What is an ascribed status?

A

One that is given involuntarily, due to such factors as race, ethnicity, gender, and family background

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3
Q

What is an achieved status?

A

A status that is gained as a result of ones efforts or choices, such as being a doctor

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4
Q

What is a master status?

A

It’s the status by which a person is most identified. It is the most important status that the individual holds and affects all aspects of that persons life.

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5
Q

What does pigeon holding mean?

A

When we view individuals only through his or her master status without regard to any other personal characteristics

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6
Q

What is a role for a status?

A

It is a set of beliefs, values, attitudes, and norms that define expectations for those who hold the status

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7
Q

What is role performance?

A

The carrying out of behaviors associated with a given role

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8
Q

What is a role partner?

A

The person with whom one is interacting

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9
Q

What is a role set?

A

Various roles associated with a status

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10
Q

What is a role conflict?

A

Difficulty in satisfying the requirement or expectations of multiple roles

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11
Q

Define role strain

A

Difficulty in satisfying multiple requirements of the same role

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12
Q

What does role exit mean?

A

The dropping of one identity for another

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13
Q

What is a group?

A

It consists of two or more people who share similar characteristics and sense of unity

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14
Q

What are some common characteristics shared by groups?

A

Values, interests, ethnicity, social background, family ties, and political representations

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15
Q

What is the difference between a primary and secondary group?

A
  1. Primary- the interactions are direct, with close bonds that provide warm, personal, and intimate relationships. They usually last long periods of time.
  2. Secondary- the interactions are superficial, with few emotional bonds. They last for shorter periods of time.
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16
Q

What is a Dyad and a triad?

A

Group of two and a group of three

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17
Q

What is the interaction process analysis?

A

A technique for observing, classifying and measuring the interactions within small groups.

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18
Q

What does group conformity mean?

A

Individuals are complaint with the groups goals, even when the groups goals may be in direct contrast with the individuals goal.

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19
Q

What is group think?

A

Occurs when members begin to focus solely on ideas generated within the group, while ignoring outside ideas

20
Q

What is the downfall of group think?

A

The group may not explore all sides of an issue and may limit the groups views. Also, it can censor the members into not expressing their beliefs

21
Q

What is a network?

A

An observable pattern of social relationships amount individuals or groups

22
Q

What is network analysis used for?

A

To gain understanding of the actions of individuals and groups and to study the broader social structure

23
Q

What is immediate network vs. distant network?

A

Immediate networks are dense with strong ties and may be composed of friends whereas distant networks contain looser and weaker ties and may include acquaintances

24
Q

What is an organization?

A

Entities that are set up to achieve specific goals and are characterized by having a structure and a culture

25
Q

What are the four characteristics of a formal organization?

A
  1. Organizations continue despite the departure of an individual member
  2. They have expressed goals
  3. Have enforcement procedures that seek to control the activities of their members
  4. Characterized by the hierarchical allotment of formal roles or duties to members
26
Q

What is a bureaucracy?

A

A rational system of political organization, administration, discipline and control

27
Q

What is the iron law of oligarchy?

A

States that democratic or bureaucratic systems naturally shift to being ruled by an elite group

28
Q

What is McDonaldization?

A

It refers to a shift in a focus toward efficiency, predictability, calculability, and control in societies

29
Q

What is self presentation or impression management?

A

The process of displaying oneself to society through culturally accepted behaviors

30
Q

What are expressed emotions?

A

Either verbal or nonverbal behaviors that communicate internal states

31
Q

What is the basic model of emotional expression?

A

Established by Charles Darwin

Says that emotional expressions involves a number of components:

  1. Facial expressions
  2. Behaviors
  3. Postures
  4. Vocal changes
  5. Physiological changes
32
Q

Explain the appraisal model.

A

Accepts that there are biologically predetermined expressions once an emotion is experienced, but that there is a cognitive antecedent to emotional expression

33
Q

What are display rules?

A

Cultural expectations of emotions

34
Q

What is a cultural syndrome?

A

Shared set of beliefs, attitudes, norms, values and behaviors among members of the same shared culture that are organized around a central theme

35
Q

What are the three selfs found in impression management?

A
  1. Authentic self
  2. Ideal self
  3. Tactical self
36
Q

What is the definition of authentic self?

A

It describes who the person really is, including both positive and negative attributes

37
Q

What is the ideal self?

A

Who we would want to be under optimal characteristics

38
Q

What is the tactical self?

A

Refers to who we market ourself to be when we adhere to others expectations of us.

39
Q

What is the dramaturgical approach?

A

The metaphor of a theatrical performance to describe how individuals create images of themselves in various situations

40
Q

What is the front stage?

A

Where the actor is in front of the audience, and performs according to the setting role and script in order to conform to the image he wants others to see

41
Q

What is the back stage?

A

Where the actor is not being observed by an audience and he is free to act in ways that may not be congruent with his desired public image without have to worry about ruining his performance

42
Q

What is communication?

A

The ability to convey information by speech, writing, signals, or behavior and is the foundation of social interaction

43
Q

What is verbal communication?

A

The transmission of information via the use of words, whether spoken, written or signed

44
Q

What is nonverbal communication?

A

How people communicate, intentionally or unintentionally without words. This includes facial expression, tone of voice, gestures, body position and movement, touches, and eye positioning.

45
Q

What is animal behavior?

A

Any behavior of one animal that affects the behavior of another

46
Q

What is the ought self?

A

Who others think we should be, the expectations imposed on us by others

Psychology (8 decks)

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