Learning And Memory Flashcards
What is habituation?
The process of becoming used to a stimulus
What is dishabituation?
Occurs when a second stimulus intervenes, causing a resensitization to the original stimulus
What is associative learning?
A way of pairing together stimuli and responses, or behaviors and consequences
Describe classical conditioning.
An unconditioned stimulus that produces an instinctive, unconditioned response is paired with a neutral stimulus. With repetition, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus that produces a conditioned response
What is operant conditioning?
Behavior of changed through the use of consequences
What is reinforcement?
Increases the likelihood of behavior
What is punishment?
Decreases the likelihood of behavior
What are fixed ratio schedules?
Reinforce behavior after a specific number of performances of that behavior
What are variable ratio schedules?
Reinforce a behavior after a varying number of performances of the behavior but such that the average number of performances to receive a reward is relatively constant
What are fixed interval schedules?
Reinforce the first instance of a behavior after a specified time period has elapsed
What are variable interval schedules?
Reinforce behavior for the first time that behavior is performed after a varying interval of time
What is observational learning?
The acquisition of behavior by watching others
What is encoding?
The process of putting new information into memory
What are the two types of encoding?
Automatic or effortful
Which encoding is the strongest?
Semantic encoding
