Social intelligence Flashcards
What is the social brain hypothesis?
Brain size (specifically neocortex) correlates to mean group size for a species
What did Kudo and Dunbar (2001) find?
Grooming clique size correlates with neocortex size in primates
What did Byrne and Corp (2004) find?
Neocortex size predicts deception rate in in primates
What did Zayan et al (1994) demonstrate?
Individual recognition implies mental representation of the polymorphous features of the conspecific
What are the features of individual recognition?
> Mental representation
Widespread throughout vertebrates and invertebrates
Different sensory systems are utilised
Essential for higher forms of social knowledge
What are ‘higher’ forms of social knowledge?
> Representing third party relationships > Fostering friendships, coalitions and alliances > Reciprocity > Reconciliation > Tactical deception
What did Silk et al (2003) find?
> Infants
Composite sociality index (proximity and grooming behaviour) of infant
High composite sociality index correlates with high rate of infant survival
What did Paz-y-Mino et al (2004) find?
> Jays
Looked at submissive behaviour at first interaction with another Jay (known third party relationships)
Found transitive inference of dominance status
What are the mechanisms of social knowledge?
> Transitive inference of dominance status
Hierarchical classification of rank and family
Knowledge of third party relationships
Who demonstrated transitive inference of dominance status?
Paz-y-Mino et al (2004)
Who demonstrated Hierarchical classification of rank and family?
Bergman et al (2003)
What did Bergman et al (2003) find?
> Hierarchical classification of rank and family
> Baboons react more strongly to between family reversals than within family reversals
Who demonstrated knowledge of third party relationships?
> Cheney and Seyfarth (1980)
> Dasser (1988)
What did Cheney and Seyfarth (1980) find?
> Vervet monkeys
> Monkeys knew which mother a child scream belonged to
What did Dasser (1988) find?
> Java monkeys
> Could discriminate mother-daughter pairs from non-related pairs
What are the features of chimpanzee politics?
Support in coalitions is dependant on kinship
What did Hemelrijk (1994) find?
> Social interchange in long-tailed macaques
> Likelihood of helping an individual dependant on previous grooming behaviour
What methods are used to manage social relationships?
> Reciprocation
> Reconciliation
What are the different methods of tactical deception?
> Concealment > Distraction > Creating an image > Manipulation of target using a social tool > Deflection onto a fall guy
What did Menzel (1974) find?
> Tactical deception
Chimpanzees
Food gathering
What is individual recognition?
> The ability to recognise an individual
> Precursor to social intelligence
