Social Influence Flashcards
What are the three types of conformity?
The three types of conformity are :
- Compliance
- Internalisation
- Identification
What is Compliance?
Compliance is where the individual goes along with the groups public opinion in order to be accepted, but their internal opinion stays the same.
What is Internalisation?
Internalisation is when the individual goes along with the group opinion in order to be accepted, however when exposed to that way of thinking their internal opinion changes to that of the group.
What is Identification?
Where the individual adopts a certain opinion in order to become part of the group (a mixture of Compliance and Internalisation).
What is usually the result of Normative social influence?
Normative social influence usually results in people conforming to the majority view but doesn’t result in them changing their internal opinion.
What does Informational social influence involve?
Informational social influence involves accepting information from others and therefore changing both public and private opinion.
What are the three variables that affect conformity?
The three variables that affect conformity are :
- Group size
- Unanimity
- Task difficulty
Who did the main study researching the variables that affect conformity in 1956?
Asch.
Name a study that shows conformity to social roles?
The Stanford prison experiment (Zimbardo).
What is Autonomous state?
The Autonomous state is when a person is in control of their actions.
What is Agentic state?
The Agentic state is when a person has deferred responsibility for their actions. (Listening to an authority figure.) An example of this is Hitler and Germans.
What is Agentic Shift?
Agentic Shift is the shift from Autonomy to Agency. (Following orders from yourself -> following someone else).
What is Legitimacy of Authority?
Legitimacy of Authority is how likely we are to obey a person or system based on their reputation and position or status in society.
What were the details of Stanford prison experiment?
The details of Stanford prison experiment were :
- 24 Male Subjects
- Volunteer Sampling
- Split into 2 teams (12 prisoners and 12 guards)
- Prisoners arrested from home without warning
- Guards told to maintain order
- Study was meant to last 2 weeks but was shut down after 6 days (unethical)
What is Locus of control?
Locus of control is the amount of control people feel that they have over the outcome of events in their lives.
What’s a persons conformity like when they have an internal LOC?
Likely to resist.
What’s a persons conformity like when they have an external LOC?
More likely to conform because they believed social factors are more important.
What are the three situational factors that affect Obedience?
- Proximity
- Location
- The power of uniform
Outline key study Milgram (1963)
- Teacher, Learner and INSTRUCTOR.
- Instructor ordered shock to be given for every wrong answer from the learner. (Shocks got higher and higher in voltage)
- Teacher could hear learner in pain from shocks up to certain point until they became unresponsive.
- Instructor would tell them to continue all the way up to 450 volts.
How did proximity affect ability to follow orders in Milgram’s (1963) study?
When the teacher and the learner were sat in the same room obedience levels dropped (to 40% from 65%). When the teacher had to place their hand on the shock plate obedience dropped even lower (to 35%).
How did location affect ability to follow instructions in Milgram’s (1963) study?
Participants where less likely (17% less likely) to deliver the shock if the experiment was held in a less reputable place e.g (university vs run down office).
What are the three factors that are key in helping minority influence?
- Consistency
- Commitment
- Flexibility
Name the 5 stages of Social Change through minority influence?
- Drawing attention to an issue.
- Cognitive conflict.
- Consistency of position.
- The Augmentation principle.
- The Snowball effect.
What is the augmentation principle?
The augmentation principle is where a minority group shows that they are willing to suffer for their views. Because of this they are seen as more committed so are taken more seriously by others.
