Social Influence

Question 1

What are the 3 types of conformity?

Answer 1

Compliance- Going along with what others do to avoid ridicule

Identification- conforming to the opinions/behaviour of a group because they’re is something about the group you value

Internalisation- When a person genuinely believes and accepts the group norm

Question 2

What is Normative Social Influence?

Answer 2

Following the crowd, it occurs when an individual conforms because they want to be liked and not to be rejected

Question 3

What was Deutsch and Gerard’s (1955) two explanations for conformity?

Answer 3

Normative Social Influence
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Informational Social Influence

Question 4

What’s Informational Social Influence?

Answer 4

Accepting the majority’s POV
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Occurs when an individual conforms because of the superior knowledge of others
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Tends to change private opinions

Question 5

What was the Aim of Asch’s line study?

Answer 5

Asch wanted to know whether people would conform to the majority’s opinion even when the majority’s opinion was obviously incorrect

Question 6

What was the procedure of Aschs line study?

Answer 6

A Lab Experiment
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7 people all sat looking at a display of 3 lines
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Given the task of shouting out loud one by one which one of the 3 lines was the same as the stimulus line
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Only one of the participants wasn’t a confederate
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Most of the time the confederates gave the right answers but on the obvious ones they gave the wrong answer the non-confederate was the last to answer
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Participants were 123 US male students

Question 7

What we’re the findings of Asch’s line study?

Answer 7

Real participants gave the wrong answer 37% of the time
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75% of the ppts conformed at least once
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25% never conformed
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5% conformed every time

Question 8

What was the aim of the Stanford prison experiment?

Answer 8

To investigate how readily people would conform to the roles of guard and prisoner in a role-play exercise that simulated prison life

Question 9

What was the aim of Milgrams obedience study?

Answer 9

To investigate obedience to an authority figure
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Wanted to test the Germans are different hypothesis

Question 10

What were the variations introduced in Asch’s line study?

Answer 10

Group Size
Unanimity
Task Difficulty

Question 11

Give an evaluation of Asch’s line study

Answer 11

Lacks Ecological Validity
Deception was used
ppt didn’t give informed consent
there were more male than female students in the study

Question 12

How could Asch have overcome Deceiving his participants?

Answer 12

By debriefing the participants

Question 13

give one ethical issue of Zimbardo’s prison experiment?

Answer 13

Subjects couldn’t give informed consent

Question 14

What’s an Agentic State?

Answer 14

When someone carries out orders given by an authority figure and acts as their agent with little personal responsibility

Question 15

Does the Agentic State increase or decrease obedience?

Answer 15

Increase it

Responsibility/Blame will be placed on the authority figure rather than the individual acting as their agent

Question 16

Give a real life example of the Agentic State being used

Answer 16

Early 60’s former-Nazi Adolf Eichmann was put on trial in Jerusalem for war crimes
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Eichmann was one of the main organisers of the Holocaust
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During his trial he said that he was “Only Following Orders”
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Eichmann was executed and critics believed blind obedience was part of the German National Character
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Others disagreed arguing that there’s the ability for blind obedience in everyone this was the inspiration for Milgram’s observational studies

Question 17

What’s an Agentic shift?

Answer 17

The shift from autonomy to agency

Question 18

What’s the Autonomous state?

Answer 18

When the individual is seen as personally responsible for their actions

Question 19

What are the 3 situational variables in Milligrams explanations for obedience?

Answer 19

Proximity
Location
Uniform

Question 20

What’s the Authoritarian personality?

Answer 20

A type of personality that is especially susceptible to obeying people in authority

Question 21

What does the F-Scale stand for?

Answer 21

Fascism Scale

Question 22

Give one way we can resist Conformity

Answer 22

social support- When there’s someone who already disagrees with the majority

Question 23

What are the 2 types of Locus Of Control?

Answer 23

Internal- individual believes they are in control of what happens to them

External- Individual believes their a victim of events outside their control