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Psychology A level > Biopsychology > Flashcards

Biopsychology Flashcards

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1
Q

What does 1) CNS 2) PNS Stand for?

A

1) Central Nervous System
2) Peripheral Nervous System

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2
Q

What does the CNS consist of?

A

The Brain and Spinal Chord

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3
Q

What are the 4 main lobes in the brain?

A

1) Frontal Lobe
2) Parietal Lobe
3) Temporal Lobe
4) Occipital Lobe

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4
Q

What does the Occipital Lobe process?

A

visual Information

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5
Q

What does the Temporal Lobe process?

A

Auditory Information

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6
Q

What does the Frontal Lobe do?

A

The Frontal Lobe is involved in planning, abstract reasoning, and logic

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7
Q

What is the role of the Spinal Cord?

A

Transfer messages to and from the brain

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8
Q

What are the 2 main components of the PNS?

A

Somatic Nervous System and the Autonomic Nervous System

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9
Q

What 2 components are within the Autonomic nervous system? + Their Fuctions

A

1) Systematic Nervous System (Prepares the body for fight or flight)
2) Parasympathetic Nervous System (Relaxes the body/Slows down heart rate)

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10
Q

What are the 3 types of neurones?

A

1) Motor Neurone
2) Sensory Neurone
3) Relay Neurone

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11
Q

What does the cell body inculde?

A

The Genetic Material Of The Cell

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12
Q

What are the six components that make a motor neurone

A

1) Dendrite
2) Myelin Sheath
3) Axon’s
4) Cell Body
5) Nodes Of Ranvier
6) Axon Terminal

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13
Q

What does the Nucleus contain?

A

The Genetic Material Of The Cell

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14
Q

What does the Dendrite do?

A

Receives signals from other neurones

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15
Q

What does the Axon do?

A

It carries the impulses away from the cell body down the length of the neurone

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the Myelin Sheath?

A

It protects the Axon and speeds up Electrical transmission of the impulse

17
Q

What do the nodes of ranvier do?

A

Helps speed up an impulse by providing gaps in the Myelin Sheath for the impulse to jump along

18
Q

What does the Axon Terminal do?

A

It Communicates with the next neurone in the chain

19
Q

What are Neurotransmitters also known as?

A

The brains chemical messangers

20
Q

What is the Endocrine System?

A

A network of glands across the body that produces chemical messages called hormones that regulate many bodily functions

21
Q

What are the six brain areas?

A

1) Motor Cortex
2) Auditory Cortex
3) Visual Cortex
4) Somatosensory Cortex
5) Brocas Area
6) Wernicke’s Area

22
Q

What was the one word patient Tan could say?

A

Tan

23
Q

What does plasticity refer to?

A

The brains ability to change and adapt both physically and functionally as a result of experience and new learning

24
Q

What is synaptic pruning

A

As we get older the connections that we barley use are deleted

25
Q

What did Maguire et al (2000) find out about taxi drivers

A

They had significantly more grey matter in their rear hippocampus than in the matched control group (a group of non-taxi drivers) This part of the brain is associated with the development of spatial and navigational skills.

26
Q

Does Lashley’s (1950) Equipotentiality Theory aid localisation? Why?

A

No
Lashley proposed the Equipotentiality theory, which suggests that the basic motor and sensory functions are localised, but that higher mental functions are not.

27
Q

What is Hemispheric Lateralisation

A

An idea that 2 halfs of the brain do different things

28
Q

What does the Corpus Callosum do?

A

Connects the left and right Hemisphere

29
Q

What are the 3 Types of biological rhythms

A

Circidian - Less than 24H
Infardian - Longer than 24H
Ultraradian - Takes less than 24H

30
Q

Biological Rhythms are regulated by endogenouspacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers, what do both of these do?

A

EZ- External Cues
EP- The bodys internal biological clocks

31
Q

How long do
Circadian Rhythms
Ultradian Rhythms
Infradian Rhythms

Take?

A

Circadian: 24 Hours (C is for clock)

Ultradian: less than 24 hours (U is for under 24 hours)

Infradian: Longer than 24 Hours (I is for Infinity)

32
Q

What are Endogenous Pacemakers?

A

Internal mechanisms that govern biological rhythms

33
Q

Give 3 ways of studying the brain

A

fMRI’s
EEG’s
ERP’s

34
Q

What was the IV and DV in Sperry’s Split Brain Experiment?

A

IV- Whether or not the participant was ‘Splitbrain’
DV- How well they preformed on tasks

35
Q

Name one task Sperry gave to the ‘Splitbrains’
+
What was the results of this task

A

Presenting a stimulus to the splitbrain patient so they couldn’t see the stimulus then asking to name it
+
If the stimulus was in the participants left hand they couldn’t name the stimulus due to senses of touch and language are dealt with by different hemispheres

36
Q

Give the results of Sperry’s Splitbrain research

A

Participants had been given an image in one half of their visual field then presented the same image in the other half, they responded like they hadn’t seen that image before

37
Q

What is a ‘Splitbrain’?

A

An individual who has undergone disconnection of their brains 2 hemispheres

Psychology A level (12 decks)

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