social impact theory Flashcards

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1
Q

who made social impact theory

A

Bibb Latante

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2
Q

what is social impact theory

A

levels of social influence in various social situations can be predicted using mathematical equations

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3
Q

what are the 2 types of people

A

source
target

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4
Q

what is the source

A

the person who emitts the behaviour

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5
Q

what is the target

A

when other people are the source of the impact

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6
Q

what is group polarisation

A

the tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme compared to the original thoughts of the individual members of the group

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7
Q

how can group polarisation be linked to social impact theory

A

initial source now become the target

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8
Q

what are the 3 features that help predict whether the target will obey or not

A

strength
immediacy
numbers

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9
Q

what is meant by strength in the equation

A

how much power the person influencing you has

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10
Q

what is meant by immediacy in the equation

A

how recent the influence is and how close to you

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11
Q

what is meant by numbers in the equation

A

number of sources

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12
Q

what is the formula

A

i = f (SIN)

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13
Q

what is the multiplicative effect

A

the effect of two or more predictor variables on an outcome

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14
Q

how does the multiplicative effect apply to authority figures

A

authority needs to be powerful and confident (strength)

authority needs to have followers (numbers)

authority needs to have followers close to people who need to be influenced (immediacy)

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15
Q

summarise Berkowitz and Bickman research on how ‘numbers’ in the equation is actually a valid reason (E in evaluation)

A

1 confederate was looking up at the 6th floor and people passing by craned their neck up as well (42%)

15 confederates were looking up at 6th floor and people passing by craned their necks up as well (86%)

shows obedience increases as the numbers increase

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16
Q

what is an opposing theory to the multiplicative effect

A

law of diminishing returns

that as numbers increase beyond a certain level the percentage difference in impact decreases

17
Q

what is the divisional effect

A

the influence of a source is shared out between the number of targets and therefore one source will have a greater impact when there is only one target but when there are multiple targets the impact is diffused amongst the group

18
Q

what does the term diffusion of responsibility mean

A

individual feel less accountable as the number of people present increase

19
Q

what does the term bystander effect mean

A

the inhibiting influence of the presence of others on a person’s willingness to help someone in need

20
Q

how does the Kitty Genovese case link to the bystander effect

A

brutally murdered by Winston Mosely

reported that 38 bystanders watched or heard the attack but none of them phoned the police

21
Q
A
22
Q

give the A in the evaluation

A

by using the equation it can be used to predict whether riots will be broke out, laws followed or if classes will do their homework

23
Q

give the C in the evaluation

A

the agency theory talks about moral strain and the setting where authority takes place, SIT doesn’t include this as it would be difficult to put a value to the setting or moral strain, but overall shows that it doesn’t validate the other situational factors

24
Q

give the H in the evaluation

A

the equation gives quantitative data
this increases scientific validity
makes it less subjective to bias