Sherif et al (1954/61)

Question 1

what type of experiment is it?

Answer 1

field experiment

Question 2

what is the aim of the study

Answer 2

produce group norms

measure their effects in the perceptions and judgements of those involved

Question 3

what was the sample

Answer 3

2 groups (22 boys) of 12 year old boys at Robber’s Cave State Park, Oklahoma

Question 4

what were the 3 phases of the study

Answer 4

in group formation
a friction phase (first contact)
integration phase (reducing friction)

Question 5

what type of experimental group was in the study

Answer 5

matched pair design

Question 6

why is it important to match participants

Answer 6

reduces individual differences

Question 7

what were ppts matched on

Answer 7

IQ
age
sex

Question 8

using a range of methods to collect data is called what

Answer 8

triangulation

Question 9

give 4 ways they collected data

Answer 9

observation
tape recording
sociometric analysis
experiment

Question 10

what theory does the study support

Answer 10

realistic conflict theory

Question 11

what were the 2 groups called

Answer 11

Eagles
Rattlers

Question 12

how long did the friction stage last for

Answer 12

4-6 days

Question 13

give 3 tasks during the friction stage

Answer 13

baseball game
tug-of-war
tent pitching

Question 14

summarise Tymerman and Spencer

Answer 14

English Scouts
they all knew eachother
reduced prejudice

Question 15

give an example of how the boys showed prejudice to the other group

Answer 15

‘keep off’ sign

Question 16

give 2 quantitative results

Answer 16

end of stage 2- out group friendship choices were for the Rattlers: 6.4% and the Eagles: 7.4%

end of stage 3- out-group friendship choices were for the Rattler: 36.4% and the Eagles: 23.2%

Question 17

would rates of prejudice increase in collectivisation or individualistic groups

Answer 17

collectivisation would have high rates of prejudice
shared mindset and community

Question 18

generalisability

Answer 18

P- low

E- (12 years, white middle class backgrounds, all boys)

E- ethnocentric and androcentric and age bias

Question 19

reliability

Answer 19

P- high

E- the study went on for 3 weeks with the friction stage lasting 4-6 days

E- can be classed to have longitudinal data

Question 20

application

Answer 20

P- high

E- Aronson’s jigsaw classroom technique, getting groups to work towards a common goal

E- reduces prejudice at a young age which will create a more inclusive society

Question 21

validity

Answer 21

P- high

E- ppts are matched on IQ, age, sex and 2 parent background

E- reduces participant variables

Question 22

ethics

Answer 22

P- high

E- 2 ppts left due to homesick

E- follows BPS guidelines, right to withdraw and informed consent from parents