Social, economical and political effects of migration - chapter 7

Question 1

What are the negative economic costs of economic migrants leaving the source country? 4

Answer 1

1. Adult labor force loss.
2. Skilled worker loss - slow down economic development.
3. Abandoned farm land.
4. Labor loss - less inward investment made by private organisations - increased government independence.

Question 2

What are the positive economic benefits of economic migrants leaving the source country? 4

Answer 2

1. Reduced under-employment.
2. Returning migrants - new skills - revitalises home economy.
3. Migrants send money home - spent on new buildings and services.
4. Less pressure on resources - food and healthcare.

Question 3

What are the negative social costs of economic migrants leaving the source country? 7

Answer 3

1. Disproportionate number of females left behind.
2. Marriage rates fall.
3. Family structures break down.
4. Departure of males - loss of cultural leadership and tradition.
5. Non-returning migrants causes an imbalance.
6. Perceived benefits of migration encourages more migration - has a bad effect.
7. Returning retired migrants - no supporting facilities - social cost.

Question 4

What are the positive social benefits of economic migrants leaving the source country? 3

Answer 4

1. BR falls - reduced population density.
2. Money sent home - used to improve education and health facilities.
3. Returning retired migrants increase social expectations of the community e.g. demand for better leisure facilities.

Question 5

What are the political effects on the source country when economic migrants leave? 4

Answer 5

1. Natural increase policies.
2. Immigration policies - counteracts outflow.
3. Resource policies.
4. Requests for international aid.

Question 6

What are the negative economic impacts of economic migrants entering the destination country? 4

Answer 6

1. Migrant children have to be educated - expensive.
2. Migration labor over-dependence in some industries e.g. UK construction industry.
3. Money sent back to the source country.
4. Pressure on resources.

Question 7

What are the positive economic impacts of economic migrants entering the destination country? 4

Answer 7

1. Less desirable jobs taken.
2. Skilled labor at a reduced cost.
3. The ‘skills gap’ in host countries - filled by qualified migrants.
4. Retirement costs - transferred back to source country.

Question 8

What are the negative social impacts of economic migrants entering the destination country? 3

Answer 8

1. Dominance of men is reinforced - low female social status.
2. Cultural identity aspects are lost.
3. Segregated areas of ethnic groups are created - schools dominated migrant children.

Question 9

What are the positive social impacts of economic migrants entering the destination country? 3

Answer 9

1. Multicultural society - increased social understanding.
2. Influx of new providers of local services.
3. Ethnic retailing growth and areas associated with ethnic food outlets e.g. the ‘curry mile’ in Manchester.

Question 10

What are the political effects on the destination country when economic migrants enter? 2

Answer 10

1. Discrimination - civil unrest.

2. Calls for controls on immigration.