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GERMANY > SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTS 1924-29 > Flashcards

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTS 1924-29 Flashcards

1
Q

WHEN was the Public Assistance system modernised?

A

1924

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2
Q

WHAT did the Public Assistance system do?

A

Provided help for the poor

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3
Q

WHAT welfare improvements were there in 1924?

A
  • Public Assistance scheme was modernised
  • Public spending on housing increased
  • Taxes were increased (not liked by the rich)
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4
Q

By HOW MUCH did public spending on housing increase by 1929?

A

By 1929, it had increased to over three times the amount spent in 1913

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5
Q

WHEN was the state accident insurance system extended?

A

1925

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6
Q

WHAT did the state accident insurance system extend to?

A

To cover those suffering from occupational diseases

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7
Q

HOW MANY people affected by the war were the state supporting in 1926?

A

800,000 disabled war veterans
360,000 war widows
900,000 war orphans

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8
Q

WHEN was the National Unemployment Insurance Scheme introduced?

A

1927

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9
Q

HOW MANY Germans did the National Unemployment Insurance Scheme cover?

A

17 million, but would only be viable when the total number claiming the benefit at any one time was below 800,000

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10
Q

WHAT were means tests?

A

Checks on the financial circumstances of someone claiming benefits support (common during Weimar Republic as the government could not afford to financially help everyone)

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11
Q

HOW did women’s lives improve during the Weimar period?

A
  • The ‘new woman’ was free, independent and sexually liberated
  • Women had equal voting rights to men
  • The sacking of both married and unmarried pregnant women was banned
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12
Q

By 1925, WHAT percentage of the workforce was female?

A

36%

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13
Q

WHY might women not have had equality in employment rights 1924-29?

A
  • Many had to quit work after marriage
  • Women were often paid much less than men
  • Married women were called ‘double earners’ in protests by conservatives
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14
Q

WHY might women have been more sexually free during the period 1924-28 in Weimar Germany?

A
  • Birth control became more widely available
  • Divorce rates increased
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15
Q

HOW MANY women were estimated to have died by backstreet abortions in 1930 (as they were illegal)?

A

10,000 - 12,000

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16
Q

WHICH parties had gender equality as a key element of their programme?

A

Only the KPD which was the least appealing party to the female electorate

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17
Q

WHAT was the issue with the German education system?

A

It was divided along religious and class lines which were only broken down by the Weimar government with limited success (particularly with church schools)

18
Q

WHAT did the Weimar Constitution Primary Schools Act say?

A

Free, compulsory ELEMENTARY school education (ages 6 - 10) but was unable to affect SECONDARY and CHURCH schools

19
Q

HOW MANY experimental schools were there in the Weimar Republic and WHAT did they ban?

A

200 schools banned corporal punishment and grades

20
Q

WHAT percentage of the unemployed in 1925-6 were 14-21 years old?

A

17%

21
Q

WHAT did the growing youth unemployment lead to?

A

More young people turned to crime/gangs

22
Q

WHAT were the consequences of the initial educational reform of Weimar?

A
  • Religious educational pressure groups developed (e.g. Catholic School Association)
  • Many education reforms were dropped due to the Centre party’s importance in coalitions
23
Q

WHAT percentage of higher education attendees were female by 1932?

A

17%

24
Q

WHAT was the Wandervogel?

A

The ‘wandering birds’. A nationalistic youth group consisting mainly of middle class boys who sought freedom in wild spaces through hikes, etc.

25
Q

NAME some political youth groups.

A
  • Social Democratic Youth Movement (most members)
  • Young Communist League (children of KPD members)
  • Bismarck Youth (DNVP)
  • Hitler Youth (growth was slow in the 1920s)
26
Q

WHAT percentage of federal government spending went on war related pensions?

A

Nearly 40%

27
Q

WHAT percentage of the whole of Weimar Germany’s population was Jewish?

A

About 1%

28
Q

WHO were some prominent Jewish people in the KPD and SPD?

A
  • Rosa Luxemburg (KPD leader, Spartacist’s Uprising)
  • Hugo Haase (helped the SPD create the new government)
  • Kurt Eisner (leader of the short-lived Bavarian Socialist Republic
29
Q

WHAT was the extent of anti-semitism in Weimar Germany?

A

Many Jewish Germans wanted to assimilate, but they did not feel the security of being completely accepted as many non-Jewish Germans were reluctant to stop identifying Jewish people as somehow alien.

30
Q

WHAT was expressionism? NAME an example of a German expressionist artist.

A

Valued meaning and emotion over realism (e.g. Ernst Kirchner)

31
Q

WHAT was new objectivity? NAME some examples of German new objectivity artists.

A

Valued brutal and honest depictions of society in order to comment on its flaws (e.g. George Grosz and Otto Dix)

32
Q

WHAT was Dadaism? Name an example of a German Dadaist.

A

Sought to provoke, send or cause outrage (e.g. Hannah Höch)

33
Q

NAME an example of a German author who wrote for a social and political purpose?

A

Erich Maria Remarque who wrote ‘All Quiet on the Western Front’ which challenged the ‘stab-in-the-back’ myth

34
Q

WHEN did radio broadcasts begin in Weimar Germany?

A

1923

35
Q

WHAT was zeitopera and zeittheater?

A

Zeitopera: (opera of the time) reflected modern issues from a radical, socialist perspective
Zeittheater: (theatre of the time) depicted realistic, everyday situations to critices Bourgeoisie society. Theatre was the most radical of the arts

36
Q

HOW many Nobel prizes were awarded to people working in Germany at the time?

A

38

37
Q

WHAT did the conservatives see the cultural changes as?

A

‘Cultural communism’. They particularly hated foreign influences like American jazz and Hollywood films

38
Q

WHEN was the Bauhaus School of Architecture founded and what was its slogan?

A

1919: ‘Art and Technology - a new way’

39
Q

WHEN was the Law to Protect Youth from Pulp Fiction and Pornography passed?

A

1926

40
Q

WHAT was the Law to Protect Youth from Pulp Fiction and Pornography and why did it cause controversy?

A
  • It allowed state governments to make lists of books not to be sold to under-18s
  • Went against Article 118 of the constitution which said there must be no censorship
41
Q

HOW MANY new homes were built between 1924 and 1931?

A

2 million

GERMANY (26 decks)

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