NAZI POLICIES TOWARDS JEWS 1933-38

Question 1

WHEN was the Nazi boycott against Jewish shops and businesses?

Answer 1

1st April 1933

Question 2

HOW long did the Nazi boycott of Jewish shops/businesses last?

Answer 2

Only 1 day

Question 3

HOW did the Nazis use the boycott of Jewish shops afterwards?

Answer 3

Hitler used the instability it caused to show that a strong Nazi government was needed to keep control over such occurrences.

Question 4

WHEN were the Nazi Civil Service Laws passed?

Answer 4

1933

Question 5

WHAT did the Civil Service Laws (1933) do?

Answer 5

• Dismissed Jewish people from the civil service
• Hindenberg insisted that WW1 veterans/orphans were exempt

Question 6

WHAT professions were Jewish people banned from in 1933?

Answer 6

• Any jobs in government
• The civil service
• Lawyers
• Doctors (if they were treating Aryan patients)

Question 7

HOW successfully were Nazi laws against professional Jewish people implemented in 1933?

Answer 7

They were less successful as it was difficult to enforce (due to there being no scientific/objective definition of who was ‘racially Jewish’). Also, many continued to work (e.g. Jewish doctors kept treating Aryan patients)

Question 8

WHEN was the Law Against the Overcrowding of German Schools and Universities passed?

Answer 8

April 1933

Question 9

WHAT was the Law Against the Overcrowding of German Schools and Universities?

Answer 9

• Restricted the number of Jewish students in public/mixed schools
• Many Jewish students and teachers went to Jewish schools, segregating the education system.

Question 10

WHEN was the Reich Press Law passed?

Answer 10

October 1933

Question 11

WHAT was the Reich Press Law?

Answer 11

• Censored Jewish journalists/editors
• Shut down free press using violence, intimidation and the law

Question 12

WHEN were the Nuremberg Laws passed?

Answer 12

1935

Question 13

WHAT were the names of the two Nuremberg Laws (1935)?

Answer 13

1. The Reich Citizenship Law
2. The Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honour

Question 14

WHAT did the Reich Citizenship Law do (Nuremberg Law)?

Answer 14

Only those with ‘purely German blood’ could be German citizens. This meant that Jewish people and non-Aryans were subjects and had fewer rights than citizens.

Question 15

WHAT was the Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honour (Nuremberg Law)?

Answer 15

Outlawed marriage between Aryans and non-Aryans. This meant that Jewish people could not marry or have sexual relations with German citizens.

Question 16

HOW did the supplement to the Reich Citizenship Law define a ‘full-Jew’?

Answer 16

Someone who had three Jewish grandparents, or had two Jewish grandparents and was married to a Jewish person. However, legal cases still remained arbitrary and inconsistent.

Question 17

HOW did the 1936 Berlin Olympics effect anti-Semitism in Nazi Germany?

Answer 17

• During the games, anti-Semitism was toned down (e.g. signs and posters were temporarily removed)
• Afterwards, the regime was no longer constrained by the games and anti-Semitism increased.

Question 18

WHEN was Anschluss?

Answer 18

12th March 1938

Question 19

WHAT was Anschuluss?

Answer 19

The joining of Germany and Austria, which had been banned under the Treaty of Versailles.

Question 20

WHEN was the Decree of Registration of Jewish Property?

Answer 20

April 1938

Question 21

WHAT was the Decree of Registration of Jewish Property?

Answer 21

• Jewish people had to register all property worth over 5000 marks that they owned
• Start of Aryanisation of Jewish property and businesses

Question 22

WHAT was the effect of the Decree of Registration of Jewish Property?

Answer 22

Only 20% of all Jewish businesses remained after a year, the rest either shut down or Aryanised.

Question 23

WHAT professions were Jewish people banned from in 1938?

Answer 23

• Doctors, dentists and lawyers (from treating/working for Aryans)
• Travelling salesmen
• Security guards
• Travel and estate agents

Question 24

WHEN were Jewish people forced to change their names?

Answer 24

August 1938 - January 1939

Question 25

WHAT were Jewish people forced to change their names to if they were deemed to have non-Jewish names?

Answer 25

Women to Sarah and men to Israel

Question 26

HOW were Jewish people alienated from public life 1933-1938?

Answer 26

They were banned from sports clubs, theatres, cinemas, concerts and circuses.

Question 27

WHEN were Jewish people’s passports stamped with the letter ‘J’?

Answer 27

October 1938

Question 28

WHAT was the effect of stamping Jewish people’s passports with the letter ‘J’?

Answer 28

• Jewish people were now identifiable
• Bordering countries were now more likely to turn Jewish people away as they would know if a person was Jewish or not

Question 29

WHEN did Jewish people lose all entitlements to state welfare benefits?

Answer 29

November 1938

Question 30

WHAT was the effect of Jewish people being banned from accessing state welfare benefits?

Answer 30

In a time when an increasing number of Jewish people were unemployed (as they were being excluded from many professions), Jewish people were now reliant on Jewish charities.