Social development Flashcards
Freuds Psychoanalystical theory of personality
ID, EGO, SUPEREGO
ID
(Pleasure principle): desires & impulses, immediate gratification.
EGO
(Reality principle): mediates between primal need and societal demands.
SUPEREGO
(Ethical principle): morality, based on society.
Faulty superego:
weak, deviant, or harsh
Freuds theory of psychosexual development
all behaviours are centred around getting our basic needs.
- Oral
(infants): primary source of pleasure is oral activity, emergence of ID
- Anal
(Toddlers): exercise bodily functions, emergence of ego
- Phallic
(early childhood): sexual pleasures from their own genitals, emergence of superego, gender norms learning,
- Latency
(middle childhood): dormant, not much happening, pleasure from sports and stuff
- Genital
(Teens): sexually mature, sexual pleasure from others
Oedipus Complex
attraction towards mother (ID), hostility towards father, Castration anxiety (EGO), identification with father (SUPEREGO), mommas boy
Electra Complex
(Carl Jung): Attraction towards father, hostility towards mother, penis envy (Freud), Identification with mother, daddy girl.
Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development:
- trust vs. mistrust. 2. autonomy vs. shame/doubt. 3. initiative vs. guilt. 4. industry vs. inferiority. 5. identity vs. role confusion
Skinners operant conditioning
Everything we do is based on the outcomes of past behaviours. punishment and reinforcement, attention = reinforcer, Intermittent reinforcement = difficult to stop
Watson’s behaviourism
regardless of nature he can make a child into whatever he wishes..emphasis on nurture. Believed parent should be dominant.
Bandura’s social learning theory
learning is social, children like sponges, models and indirect models. observation & imitation, reciprocal determinism,
Generation Beta
2025-2039, statistically older parents, smaller families, tech-focused, climate change
David Vetter “The Bubble Boy”:
SCID
advanced motor skills in infancy
delayed language skills
maybe because there were so many people around him he had a hard time learning language
High IQ
low motivation
difficulty with visual and spacial perception
self-socialization
children playing an active role in their own development (the active child,
Selma’s theory of role-taking
taking someone’s perspective. before 6 years old = only your own perspective, 1st known different perspectives, 2nd thinking from other perspectives, 3rd comparison between your perspective and others, 4th another compare perspective with majority
Dodges theory of social problem solving
children use social skills to problem solve. Emphasis on aggression.
Hostile attributional bias:
more likely to interpret vague scenarios as hostile
Parental-investment theory
parents have commitment to protect child because their goal os to pass their genes on to future generations
Cinderella effect:
child maltreatment rates higher for stepparents
Lorenz’s imprinting theory:
newborn birds and mammals become attached to the first moving object they see.
Bronfenbrenners bioecological model
every component of an environment influences a child,
micro
people and places they know
meso
micro interacting
exo
not directly a part of child life, parents workplace
macro
society
chrono
changes over time
