Social Cognition Flashcards
Cognitive Psychology
the study of the mental process involved in human perception, thought, memory, and decision making
Non-Social Cognition
the study of how we understand the physical world and other matters unrelated to people and their social influence
Social Cognition
the study of how we understand ourselves and other people
Moral Reasoning
the analytical process used to arrive at decisions about what is right and wrong
Kohlberg’s Model of Moral Reasoning
Pre-Conventional Stage
Conventional Stage
Post-Conventional Stage
Pre-Conventional Stage
right and wrong are determined by the anticipated rewards or punishments
Conventional Stage
right and wrong are determined by the expectations of other significant people, such as family members, close friends or society at large
Post-Conventional Stage
right and wrong are determined by an individuals own principles or equality, justice and respect for human rights
Incarceration
surrounds the offender with pre-conventional moral reasoners which impedes development to higher levels
Moral Disengagement
a process in which people employ a variety of psychological mechanisms to avoid the negative feelings they might otherwise experience as a result of violating their moral standards
Criminal Thinking
cognitive processes and content that facilitate the initiation and continuation of offending behaviour
Yochelson and Samenow’s Criminal Personality
the criminal personality highlighted cognitions role in criminal behaviour
-52 common thinking errors and behavioural problems
Criminal Thinking Styles
Mollification Cutoff Entitlement Power Orientation Sentimentality Superoptimism Cognitive Indolence Disconinuity
Excitation Transfer Theory
residual arousal from one situation is mistakenly attributed to a person’s current situation where it is mislabelled, possible driving inappropriate behaviour
Berowit’z Cognitive Neoassaciation Model
grounded in the frustration-aggression hypothesis
Frustration
the state produced when a person is blocked from reaching a goal
Situation
features, events, or social interactions that characterize a persons surrounding circumstances
Deindividuation
a psychological state characterized by a loss of individual identity, self-awareness, and self-evaluation which is often associated with being immersed in large groups
Traditional View of Deindividuation
behaviour becomes deregulated; antisocial behaviour emerges; diminishes social controls
Social Identity Model of Deindividuation
behaviour becomes more socially regulated; individuals adopt the behavioural norms of the group; facilitates both anti-and pro-social behaviour
Obedience
the action of complying with the directions of a higher authority
Social Information Processing Theories
human behaviour reflects the social cues perceived and the manner in which the information is cognitively processes
4 Basic Processes of SIP Models
Encoding Process
Interpretation Process
Response Search Process
Response Evaluation Process
Encoding Process
the process of perceiving and organizing incoming stimuli such as social cures
