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CRIM Final > Mental Disorders > Flashcards

Mental Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Mental Disorder

A

an abnormal pattern of thoughts emotions or behaviours caused by a personal dysfunction and associated with significant personal distress or disability

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2
Q

Psychosis

A

a group of symptoms that involve impaired reality testing, whereby a person has difficulty perceiving what is real and what is fantasy

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3
Q

Schizophrenia

A

persistent psychosis and impaired functioning with positive, negative and disorganized symptoms

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4
Q

Positive Symptoms

A

a group of symptoms characterized by an excess or distortion of psychological functioning

  • Delusions
  • Hallucinations
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5
Q

Delusion

A

strongly held but false belief

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6
Q

Hallucination

A

a false sensory perception that occurs in the absence of an appropriate external stimulus

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7
Q

Negative Symptoms

A

a group of symptoms characterized by a deficit of psychological functioning

  • Flattened Affect
  • Alogia
  • Avolition
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8
Q

Flattened Affect

A

a lack of appropriate emotions in a person’s observable expressions and behaviours

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9
Q

Alogia

A

speech that is impoverished in terms of quality of spoken words or the content of the ideas communicated

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10
Q

Avolition

A

a lack of energy and disinterest in one’s usual activities

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11
Q

Disorganized Symptoms

A

a group of symptoms involving bizarre behaviour or confusing speech that reflect severe underlying disturbance of thought

  • Formal Thought Disorder
  • Word Salad
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12
Q

Formal Thought Disorder

A

a serious disturbance in the organization, process or flow of a person’s thoughts

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13
Q

Word Salad

A

nonsensical speech characterized by a series of unconnected words and phrases

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14
Q

Major Depression

A

persistent feeling of sadness or Anhedonia

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15
Q

Anhedonia

A

loss of enjoyment in activities that are a source of pleasure

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16
Q

Symptoms of Major Depression

A 
loss of appetite
insomnia
fatigue
feelings of guilt and worthlessness
difficulty thinking or concentrating
suicidal thoughts or actions
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17
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

characterized by episodes of mania alone or varying episodes or mania and depression

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18
Q

Manic Episode

A

a period featuring unusually elevated mood thinking and/or motor activity that is inappropriate in circumstance

19
Q

Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder

A 
Grandiosity
Pressured Speech/Talkative
Flight of Ideas
Distractibility
Increased Activity Level
20
Q

Delusional Disorder

A

persistent non-bizarre delusions with no other symptoms

21
Q

Erotomania

A

delusionally convinced that someone is in love with you

22
Q

Mental Disorder and Crime

A

Mental Disorder Among Criminal Offenders
Criminal Behaviour among Psychiatric Patients
Mental Disorder and Crime Among Community Sample

23
Q

Mental Disorder Among Criminal Offender

A

report elevated levels of mental disorder relative to the general public

24
Q

Criminal Behaviour Among Psychiatric Patients

A

former patients reveal an elevated rate of offending relative to general public

25
Q

Mental Disorder Among Community Samples

A

community members with mental disorder exhibit higher rates of violent offending than those with no mental disorder

26
Q

Criminalization of Mental Disorder

A

the processing of individuals with mental disorder through the criminal justice system from committing nuisance or disruptive behaviours instead of treating these individuals as patients in the mental health system

27
Q

Deinstitutionalization

A

a policy implemented in many western jurisdictions that involve transferring psychiatric patients out of large-scale institutions and into community based care

28
Q

Police Discretion

A

police may be more likely to arrest someone with a mental disorder causing a disturbance than someone else engaging in the same conduct

29
Q

Ease of Apprehenstion

A

offenders with mental disorders may be more easily identified and apprehended for the crimes they commit

30
Q

Symptom-Based Theory

A

theories that attribute the criminal behaviour of a person with a mental disorder to the altered perceptions, thoughts and emotions experienced as a result of the condition

31
Q

Symptom-Consistent Behaviour

A

conduct that appears to reflect the symptoms of a persons mental disorder and therefore makes it reasonable to infer that the disorder contributed to their behaviour

32
Q

Qualities Associated with increased risk of violence

A

delusions and hallucinations

33
Q

Persecutory Delusions

A

involve the false belief that others are conspiring against you or wish to cause you harm

34
Q

Delusional Distress

A

a sense of fear, sadness or anxiety experienced as a result of delusions

35
Q

Brief Maintainence

A

the effort by a delusional person to corroborate or discredit their delusions

36
Q

Common Hallucinations

A

a false auditory perception of being ordered to do something

  • qualities influenced compliance
  • recognized and treated voice
  • seriousness of the act commanded
  • pressure and persistent of the voice
37
Q

Threat/Control-Override Symptoms

A

Principle of Rationality within Irrationality
Threat Symptoms
Control-Override Symptoms

38
Q

Principle of Rationality within Irrationality

A

theory that violence committed by individuals with psychosis is often a rational response to a irrational symptom that they experience and perceive as real

39
Q

Threat Symptoms

A

psychotic symptoms that cause an individual to feel that they are likely to be harmed

40
Q

Control-Override Symptoms

A

psychotic symptoms that may lead to a diminished sense of control and autonomy overs ones body and actions

41
Q

Tense Situations

A

incidents of interpersonal distress and/or conflict that result when other people get frustrated or attempt to confront or control a person manifesting psychosis

42
Q

NCRMD

A

Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder
-no person is criminally responsible for an act committed or an omission made while suffering from a mental disorder that rendered the person incapable of appreciating the nature and quality of the act or omission or knowing that it was wrong

43
Q

4 misconceptions of NCRMD

A
  • used as a way to avoid legal penalty
  • individuals that use this are usually successful
  • a way to obtain release into the community sooner
  • at higher risk to reoffend because not confined very long
44
Q

Insight

A

reflects and individuals appreciations of his or her mental disorder and need for treatment

CRIM Final (7 decks)

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