social cognition

Question 1

social psychology

Answer 1

studies how our behavior is influenced by others

Question 2

social cognition

Answer 2

how we judge our own behavior and others behavior in a social setting

Question 3

person perception

Answer 3

process of making judgements about individuals based on their apparent characteristics. is quick but is sometimes inaccurate.

Question 4

attributions

Answer 4

attaching meaning to our own and other peoples behaviours. can be influenced by internal or external factors

Question 5

example of internal attributions

Answer 5

personality, mood etc

Question 6

example of external attributions

Answer 6

school, work etc

Question 7

attitudes

Answer 7

learned perspectives we hold about individuals, issues, events, etc

Question 8

the tri-component model

Answer 8

proposes that attributions contain affective (emotional), behavioural (actions) and cognitive (reasoning) components.

Question 9

stereotyping

Answer 9

placing people in categories because of perceived similarities. flawed as it doesn’t consider factors beyond the stereotype

Question 10

cognitive dissonance

Answer 10

experienced when there is a misalignment between our behaviours and attitudes.

Question 11

cognitive biases

Answer 11

systematic errors in judgement that occur when we try to simplify the info we are processing. reduce experience of cognitive dissonance.

Question 12

Heuristics

Answer 12

mental shortcuts that help decision making. useful in reducing cognitive load as they save time and effort by making snap judgements. susceptible to bias.

Question 13

availability heuristic

Answer 13

using info that first comes to mind to make a judgement

Question 14

representative heuristic

Answer 14

decision making where we estimate the likelihood of something occurring or being true based on its similarity to our existing understanding/ expectations

Question 15

affect heuristic

Answer 15

decision making is influenced by individuals current state or mood

Question 16

prejudice

Answer 16

negative preconceived notion held towards individuals due to them being in a certain group.

Question 17

discrimination

Answer 17

being prejudiced/ treating others unfairly based on a negative attitude towards them

Question 18

direct discrimination

Answer 18

person or a group is treated unfairly because of their background or personal characteristics

Question 19

indirect discrimination

Answer 19

unreasonable policy that is the same for everyone but has an unfair affect on a particular group

Question 20

intergroup contact

Answer 20

can be used to reduce prejudice. must be sustained contact

Question 21

superordinate goals

Answer 21

shared goals that individuals or groups cannot achieve without the cooperation of others. can reduce prejudice as members of in and out groups are dependent on each other to achieve a shared goal.

Question 22

equality of status

Answer 22

social interaction that occurs at the same level without obvious differences of power or status. one group doesn’t exert power or dominance over the other.