Research Methods Flashcards
Research question
Defines question a research investigation is trying to answer
Aim
Broad statement about goal of research
Hypothesis
Proposed answer to a research question
Primary data
Data we collected ourselves
Secondary data
Data collected by someone else that we use
Quantitative data
Numerical (numbers)
Qualitative data
Non numerical (descriptive)
Sampling
Selection of participants from population to participate in research investigation
Convenience sampling
Recruiting readily available participants
Random sampling
Every member of population has equal opportunity for recruitment
Stratified sampling
Sample has same proportions of each stratum as in the population of interest
Case study
Investigation of one particular example of an activity, behaviour, event or problem to gain knowledge about the process as a whole
IV
Independent variable. What the researcher manipulates
DV
Dependent variable. What the researcher records to see if it is impacted by the IV
Controlled variable
Held constant throughout investigation
What are the five ethical concepts
Beneficence, interfering, justice, non-maleficence, respect
Beneficence
The commitment to do good and minimise harm and risks
Integrity
Honesty and transparency
Justice
Ensuring fair distribution of benefits costs risks and resources
Non-maleficence
Avoiding harm or making sure the potential harm is outweighed by the benefits
Respect
Giving due regard to individual difference and ensuring the right to autonomy and choice
What are the 6 ethical guidelines
Confidentiality, debriefing, informed consent, use of deception, voluntary participation, withdrawal rights
Confidentiality
Ensuring the privacy of participants personal information
Debriefing
After experiment disclosing aim results and conclusions aswell as answering questions and providing support
Informed consent
Ensuring participants understand the nature purpose and risks of study before agreeing to participate
Use of deception
Concealing aspects of the study. Only used when absolutely necessary and must be debriefed after
Voluntary participation
Ensuring there is no pressure to participate
Withdrawal rights
Allowing participants to discontinue involvement in experiment without penalty
