Social Class Identities Flashcards
Macintosh & Mooney
Upper class
Upper class are invisible to other classes
* retreat into fee-paying schooling, transport, network
Scott
Upper class
Old boy network
* U/C form lifelong friendships during private school, and maintin their high status through inviting each other to exclusive events
Social closure
* immerse children into a culture of privelege and distinguish them from others
* encourage them to pick U/C marriage partners
Kenway
Upper class
social class/position more important to priv. educated students than states
girls maintained high self esteem by devaluing the achievements and status of state educated individuals
King & Raynor
Middle class
family encourages achivements and values deferred gratification
child centeredness
* prioritise child’s needs eg tutoring
family, role model, rewards/praise
Bourdieu
Middle class
education reinforces M/C identity through hidden curriculum, which rewards M/C values
M/C has high cultural capital
role model, imitation, rewards/sanctions
Goodwin
Middle class
Yummy Mummy
* M/C mothers define their deintities based off peer approval; defined off glamour/style
Saunders
Middle class
conspicuous consumption
* the consumption of luxuries in a way to influence how individuals are percieved
media targets M/C
* M/C has the highest disposable income aswell as being very conscious of their appearance
Wright
Middle class
contradictory class position
* they exploit W/C
* AND are exploited by U/C
3 resources should be controlled
* investment
* means of production
* labour power
Willis
Working class
Lads
* formed a counter school subculture
* had no interest in academic work - “sissy”, manual = superior
* subculture prepared them for the monotony of their future jobs
Mac An Ghail
Working class
macho lads subculture
* focused on heavy lifting, physical labour jobs that shaped their identity
* deindustrialisation –> crisis of masculinity, lads had no qualifications and could not work white collar
* women = breadwinner
Bowles & Gintis
Working class
education socialises individuals into W/C identity through hidden curriculum
* by transmitting ruling class values disguised as traditional values
* eg. obedient passive workers, through uniforms, dividing worker/boss etc.
Bourdieu
Working class
W/C have less cultural capital than higher classes, as they dont experience hidden curriculum
Mertens & D’haenens
Working class
digital divide
* W/C have less internet usage
* therefore, class is a big reason of divide, not gender etc.
Murray
Under class
UN/C are workshy, lazy, criminal and dependent on benefits.
UN/C consist of long term unemployed and single parents
EVALUATION; This is inaccurate as UN/C are disadvantaged due to lack of education, therefore cant get a job
Jordan
Under class
disagrees with murray
argues UN/C have same values and attitudes as rest of sicety, but are ashamed of not being able to provide; would work if they could
