Media Audience Effects

Question 1

Hypodermic syringe model/magic bullet theory

direct

Answer 1

• Audience passively accepts messages injected into them
• Audience seen as homogenous (all the same)
• Audience does not engage with media

Question 2

Newson

direct

Answer 2

• Children desensitised to violence due to media
• More likely to commit acts of violence
• Eg. childs play film - James Bulger
• TV / films make children identify with perpetrators
• Led to increased censorship - British Board of Film; agecertificates, 9pm watershed; no sexual/violence until 9pm

Question 3

Bandura

direct

Answer 3

• Children act aggressively when given opportunity to
• Children who saw violence (bobo doll hit) imitated violence, but those who hadn’t did not

Question 4

Anderson et al

direct

Answer 4

• Students who listened to violent lyrics were more aggressive and hostile (word association tasks)
• Music has direct effect on audience
• Eg. “Shoot Em Up” - Cypress Hill; “make you eat knuckles”

Question 5

Fesbach & Singer

direct - positive

Answer 5

• catharsis - watching violence in media acts as an outlet

Question 6

Young

direct - positive

Answer 6

• Seeing effects of violence on victim/family makes aud more aware of consequences
• TFTST sensitising effect