Social class and educational attainment (Internal factors)

Question 1

Louise Archer

Answer 1

‘Urban Youth and Schooling’

• Symbolic capital
• Symbolic violence-working class presence/attitude/appearance is dismissed and rejected by teachers and curriculum within schools, can reinforce identity/ “lose themselves” to fit in with middle class
• ‘Nike identities’ self-worth
• ‘Hyper-heterosexual feminine identity’

Question 2

Carolyn Jackson

Answer 2

• Lads and ladettes - strategies to cope with the fear of failure
• Self-worth protection

Question 3

Peter Woods

Answer 3

Pupil adaptations:

1. Ingratiation
2. Compliance
3. Opportunitism
4. Ritualists
5. Retreatists
6. Colonisers
7. Intransigence
8. Rebellion

Question 4

Labelling - Colin Lacey

Answer 4

Differentiation - teachers categorising pupils according to how they perceive their behaviour, ability and attitude

Polarisation - two end of a spectrum which pupils create due to streaming and other factors

Question 5

Labelling - Stephen Ball

Answer 5

Beachside Comprehensive - banding as a cause of subcultures

Removed banding and streaming
Saw a reduction in sun cultural behaviour
Conclusion - banding and subcultures create polarisation