Social Change

Question 1

When did the Hippy’s Movement occur and what was it

Answer 1

1960s
Where young individuals rejected their parent’s lifestyles and values

Question 2

Give some features (e.g clothing and beliefs) of Hippies (young people who rejected their parent’s beliefs and values during 1960s)

Answer 2

Long hair, drugs, wore flowers in hair as symbol of peace (opposed Vietnam war), slogan ‘make love not war)

Question 3

How did music change in 1950s

Answer 3

Elvis Presley strong influence (rock and roll star)
Teens listened to own music (rock and roll) instead of their parents music

Question 4

How did music change in the 1960s

Answer 4

Beatles were very popular
Protest songs common e.g Bob Dylan

Question 5

How did music change in the 1970s and 1980s

Answer 5

Disco performers popular
Heavy metal music popular
Rap and hip hop popular
Solo artist focused music on struggles of ordinary people

Question 6

When did drive in cinemas become popular and why

Answer 6

1950s and 1960s- increased car ownership from consumerism period following ww2

Question 7

By 1970 what % of US households had at least one TV

Answer 7

96%
(TVs became an important feature in US society, especially following consumerism)

Question 8

Describe key developments in technology

Answer 8

Mid to late 1970s Microsoft Company + Apple computers set up
By 1980s younger generation hugely engaged in computer generated games like nintendos

Question 9

One key film that influenced many teenagers

Answer 9

Rebel without a cause

Question 10

When did students become heavily involved in protest movements

Answer 10

1960s

Question 11

3 examples of student protest themes

Answer 11

Anti- war protests (especially against Vietnam war’s draft system where men could be called up to fight)
Campaign for civil rights (many students both black and white took part in freedom rides, sit ins, protest marches etc)
SDS- campaigned for greater say in how courses and universities should be run

Question 12

1 key protests singer and what they sang about

Answer 12

Bob Dylan
Sex, drugs, opposition to war in Vietnam

Question 13

Example of one of most popular works in American literature due to quest for ‘great American novel’

Answer 13

To kill A Mockingbird (focusing on issues of racial inequality and rape)

Question 14

What novel did Friedan publish in 1963 challenging traditional role of women in American society

Answer 14

The Feminine Mystique

Question 15

What happened to women straight after the war (in the war women hugely contributed through working in army/ factories etc)

Answer 15

Role completely reversed back to traditional housewife and were excluded from the highest, most well paid jobs

Question 16

What did middle class women start to challenge in the 1950s

Answer 16

Traditional role of housewife- they were frustrated that they couldn’t have the same job opportunities as men

Question 17

True or false, following an initial ‘slump’ straight after ww2, women’s role in employment began to improve by the 1960s

Answer 17

True

Question 18

One key fact about women serving in ww2

Answer 18

1/3 aircraft workers were women

Question 19

3 things in 1950s that gave women a better chance at a career

Answer 19

Convenience foods- women has more time to seek paid employment
Women better educated
Contraceptive pill- women greater choice of when/ whether to have children so could postpone it and take on career first

Question 20

One key fact about how employment for women increased by 1960s

Answer 20

By 1960 women made up 50% of workforce
(Women valuable source of cheap (and often part time) labour for employers

Question 21

2 reasons why Friedan was important in challenging/ improving role of women

Answer 21

Published ‘The Feminine Mystique’ book 1963
Set up National Organisation for Women (NOW)

Question 22

One achievement of NOW

Answer 22

By 1971 secured $30 million to give to women that hadn’t been paid equal wages to men

Question 23

2 key achievements of Women’s Liberation Movement

Answer 23

1963 Equal Pay Act
1978 Pregnancy discrimination Act

Question 24

Difference in methods between NOW and Women’s liberation Movement

Answer 24

Women’s Liberation Movement were far more radical, more active in challenging discrimination, often not taken seriously e.g burnt bras in public

Question 25

Why was Eleanor Roosevelt important in challenging role of women in 1960s

Answer 25

Set up commission to investigate status of women at work

Question 26

By what year did 96% of US households have at least one TV

Answer 26

1970

Question 27

Examples of Blockbuster films in 1970s

Answer 27

Jaws
Star Wars

Question 28

Briefly outline what happens in the film ‘Rebel without a Cause’

Answer 28

Film starring actor James Dean who played a young man who rebelled against his parents and got into trouble with the police for his drunken behaviour

(Behaviour like his further influenced the rebellious beliefs and activities of young people such as those involved in the Hippy Movement

Question 29

What place was the Hippy capital of America

Answer 29

San Francisco

Question 30

Name for first student protest group which campaigned for a greater say in now courses in University should be run

Answer 30

SDS

Question 31

Which women’s group challenged discrimination in court cases

Answer 31

NOW

Question 32

What key influence made women go back to traditional housewives in 1950s following the war

Answer 32

The media
Some women tried to seek paid careers but had little luck due to high levels of discrimination however the contraceptive pill, better education for women and convenience foods starting to emerge so from then onwards women started to see more job opportunities

Question 33

Apart from burning bras in public, what other radical things did the Women’s liberation movement do

Answer 33

Remove all signs of male supremacy
Refuse to wear make up

Question 34

After WW2 was the search for the ‘Great American novel’ which defined the true meaning of being …

Answer 34

American