Social Behaviour II Flashcards
What NTs decide the reactivity threshold?
Dopamine
opiates
oxytocin
CRH
serotonin
noradrenaline
GABA
What 4 NTs modulates the emotional-motivational system?
Dopamine
Opiates
Oxytocin
CRH
What are 3 characteristics of DA, OP, OT, CRH ?
Highly reactive to environment
subject to genetic variation
subject to variation due to prior/early environment
What 3 NTs provide an inhibitory modulation of the threshold of various neural circuit functions?
5-HT
NE
GABA
What is 5-HT function?
Tonic inhibition over neural circuit & emotional expressions
What is NE’s function?
Discrimination of relevant cues & maintenance of attention & focus
What is GABA’s role?
Depth of emotional memory & persistence of emotional learning
What is the reactivity of neuromodulators dependent on?
Frequency & magnitude of envir. input across time
What does the relative strength of various emotional-motivational systems depend on?
Predominant nature of envir.
What are 5 social withdrawals associated with amygdala-damaged patients?
Insensitive to personal boundaries
Difficulty orientating & interpreting signals from the eye region of others’
Do not exhibit normal enhancement of fMRI signal in FG & STS to facial expression
Diminished social apprehension
Tend to misjudge people - trust more easily than they should
What are 4 social behavior characteristics of fronto-temporal dementia
loss empathy
compulsive behaviour
apathy
lack of insight
What 2 things does intrinsic amygdala connectivity support?
Perception & affiliation
Amygdala volume
What are the 2 biggest behavioural symptoms in alzheimers & dementia?
Frustration based aggression
Lack of socialbility
What are 5 social conginition impairments in depression?
Increased empathic distress
Decreased emotional recognition
Decreased humor understanding & appreciation
Increased perception of neutral faces as sad
Negative events interpretated as due to internal, stable & global factors
What are 4 cognitive imapirments in depression?
Executive function
Working memory
Attention
Psychomotor processing speed
What 3 brain regions are essential for semantic memory?
Temporal cortices
mPFC & IPFC
Posterior cingulate/precuneus
What 3 brain regions intergrate sensory information?
aTP
mPFC
orbital PFC
What 2 brain regions are critical for episodic memory for both social & nonsocial info?
Hip
mTP
What is the ACC important for?
Monitoring conflicts & errors as well as for response inhibition
What 2 brain regions are involved in reward processing?
vmPFC
nucleus accumbens
What 2 brain regions involved in aversive network & social withdrawal?
Anterior insula
amygdala
What 4 NTs are important for social withdrawal?
Dopamine
CRH
OP
Oxytocin
What 4 NTs modulate the social withdrawal?
Vasopressin
GABA
NE
5-HT
What do gene mutations in NT systems cause?
Affect social behaviour
What is the BNST involved in?
sustained fear states
social attachment
What type of difference is seen in BNST?
Sexually dimorphic
What 5 brain regions is the BNST associated with?
Amygdala
Hypothalamus
mPFC
Insula
Thalamus
What happens if amygdala and BNST are activated?
Activated when faced with an actual threat - mediates anticipatory phases of a threat & general apprehension
