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AS PSYCH > Social Approach > Flashcards

Social Approach Flashcards

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1
Q

Ecological validity in Milgrams study

A 
High
-sample 45v shock
-pps believe real (supported by qual data, nervous laugh etc) 
Low
-lacks mundane realism
-not everyday task
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2
Q

What qualitative data was collected in Milgrams study?

A

Observation of pps reaction

  • nervous laugh
  • sweat
  • trembling
  • stuttering
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3
Q

What quantitative data was collected in Milgrams study?

A

How many dropped out at each stage

  • 65% went to 450
  • 100% went to 300v
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4
Q

What practical applications can we made from Milgrams findings

A
  • educate on the danger of obedience

- use to teach people to follow morals

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5
Q

What was the aim of Milgrams study?

A

“Germans are diff hypoth”

-Americans will respond to an authority figure to harm others in a similar way to the germans in WW2

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6
Q

What method was used in Milgrams study

A

Controlled observation

Snapshot

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7
Q

Describe milgrams sample

A

20-50 year old males
Any occupation
Volunteer sample advertised in newspaper
(Students not allowed)

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8
Q

What was the IV in Milgrams study?

A

NONE as structured observation

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9
Q

What was the DV in Milgrams study and how was it measured?

A

Level of obedience

  • num of pps to drop out at each stage
  • level of shock given
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10
Q

What controls were made in Milgams study?

A

Standardised procedure
4 standard prompts
1 standard response

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11
Q

What was the standard response in Milgrams study given by the experimenter?

A

Although the shocks are painful they cause no permanent tissue damage

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12
Q

What were the 4 standard prompts used by the experimenter in Milgrams study?

A

1) please continue
2) the exp requires that you continue
3) it’s absolutely essential that you cont
4) you have no other choice your must go in

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13
Q

What changes could be made to Milgrams study?

A 
1) Improve ethics 
\+inform pps of true aim
\+relieve stress, no long term damage 
-demand characteristics 
-social desirability

2)include women
+more representative/generalisable
-lower validly, doesn’t fit aim “germans are diff” as german soldiers=men not women

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14
Q

What reaction did the learner show in Milgrams study when a 300v shock was given?

A

Banging on the wall

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15
Q

What reaction did the learner show in Milgrams study when a 345v shock was given?

A

No response

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16
Q

What ethical issues occurred in Milgrams study?

A

Deception
-pps believed tests of memory
-unaware they gave fake shock
-believed allocation of teacher/learner was random but rigged lottery
Protection
-pps may have felt guilt for giving shocks

17
Q

What was the aim of reicher and haslams study?

A

Study the way people respond to a system of inequality (tyranny) Do they accept or resist

18
Q

R&H was a

A

Experimental case study with 3 IV’s

19
Q

The IV’s in R&H were..

A

1) permeability
2) legitimacy
3) cognitive alternatives

20
Q

The DV in R&H was

A 
social organisational & clinical variables 
Measured using triangular data 
•daily swabs
•video recording
•psychometric test
21
Q

What controls were made in R&H

A

Standardised
•clothing
•environment
•inter-rater reliability

22
Q

Practical applications of R&H

A 
Power of groups
Tyranny not inevitable 
Consequence of group dynamics 
Aired on TV
Surveillance may reduce reduce abuse of power
23
Q

Ecological validity in R&H

A

Lacks as prisoners aware roles not real
Aired on tv- social desire ability

High
pps sufficiently involved
Pps Showed true emotion

24
Q

Ethics in R&H

A

3 day screening with consent forms
2 inde clinical psychologists
5 inde ethics committee monitored
Ended on day 8 after concerns

25
Q

Quan and qual data in R&H

A

Psycho test& cortisol levels =quan

Video recordings =qual

26
Q

R&H was a

A

Longitudinal CS

27
Q

Additional eval of R&H

A

+generalisable (sample reflect target p)
+high validity(quan/qual/unable to fake cortisol)
-lack eco validty
-low reliability (cs so unable to repeat due to uncontrolled variables)

28
Q

Changes to R&H

A

1) include females

2) not air it on tv

29
Q

R&H sample

A 
Volunteer
•332 men applied
•15 men picked after 3 phase screening
•5 groups of 3 
•matched on personality 
•1 guard:2prisoners
30
Q

Describe 3 phase screening

A

Psychometric test measuring social&clinical variables e.g dominance anxiety
Weekend assessment by inde psycho
Medical and police checks

AS PSYCH (8 decks)

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