G541: Key Words

Question 0

Confidentiality

Answer 0

Pps data kept anonymous unless consent given

Question 1

Aim

Answer 1

What is the purpose of the study

Question 2

Control condition

Answer 2

Doesn’t involve changing IV

Question 3

Debrief

Answer 3

Informing pps/ ensure pps understand why the research took place

Question 4

Deception

Answer 4

Have pps been MISLEAD

Question 5

DV

Answer 5

Thing being measured

Question 6

Descriptive Statistics

Answer 6

Mean median mode

Question 7

Double blind

Answer 7

Pps and researcher unaware of the aim

Question 8

Ecological validity

Answer 8

How well a study reflects everyday/real life situations

Question 9

Ethics

Answer 9

DRIPP
D-deception 
R-right to withdraw
I- informed consent
P-privacy 
P-protection from harm

Question 10

Alternate hypothesis

Answer 10

Predicts one variable will affect another

Question 11

Hypothesis

Answer 11

A testable statement

Question 12

Inter-rater reliability

Answer 12

Comparing the findings of 2+ obsevers checking for consistency

Question 13

Nominal data

Answer 13

Data in separate categories

Question 14

Observer bias

Answer 14

Person who is observing is influenced by expectation

•focus on what they want to see

Question 15

One tailed hypothesis

Answer 15

Directional

Question 16

Qualitative data

Answer 16

NON numerical
•written
•rich in detail
•gained through observation/interview

Question 17

Quantitative data

Answer 17

Numerical

Can be statistically analysed

Question 18

Repeated measures

Answer 18

Uses same pps in each condition

Question 19

Single blind

Answer 19

Pps not aware of the aims but experimenter is

Question 20

Social desirability

Answer 20

Participants answer in a way to portray themselves in a good light

Question 21

Two tailed

Answer 21

No direction

Question 22

Validity

Answer 22

Whether a researcher has measured what they intended

Question 23

Face validity

Answer 23

Extent to which a study measures what its aim states it wants to find out

Question 24

Volunteer bias

Answer 24

In a self selected sample pps may have specific characteristics which lead them to volunteer e.g being more highly motivated
•therefore don’t represent target population

Question 25

Why is a Test-re-test method used?

Answer 25

Checks reliability

•same question/interview/test given to the same pps on 2 diff occasions to see if the same results are obtained

Question 26

Target population

Answer 26

The wider group of people that the research findings should apply to

Question 27

Self selected/volunteer sample

Answer 27

Participants respond to an advert

Question 28

Scatter graph

Answer 28

Used as a representation of a relationship

Question 29

Define “sampling”

Answer 29

Gatherings a manageable number of people to represent the target population

Question 30

What is a random sample?

Answer 30

Every member of the target population has an equal chance of being selected

Question 31

What is meant by using an “opportunity sample”?

Answer 31

Involves anyone who is available and willing to partake at the moment in time

Question 32

When would “counter balance” be used?

Answer 32

To overcome order effects
•in a repeated measure design
• ensures each condition is tested first or second equal amounts of time

Question 33

Control condition

Answer 33

The condition which provides a baseline measure allowing the effect of the experimental treatment to be assessed

Question 34

Coding system

Answer 34

Can be used in structured observations as a systematic way of recording behaviour

Question 35

Attrition

Answer 35

The loss of participants from a study over time
•leads to small/bias sample
•usually in longitudinal studies

Question 36

Altruism

Answer 36

If someone is altruistic they’re out to please someone

Question 37

What is the difference between inter and intra reliability?

Answer 37

INTER= consistency between 2+ observers when observing the same behaviour

INTRA= how consistent the measure is between 2+ studies