G541: Key Words Flashcards
Confidentiality
Pps data kept anonymous unless consent given
Aim
What is the purpose of the study
Control condition
Doesn’t involve changing IV
Debrief
Informing pps/ ensure pps understand why the research took place
Deception
Have pps been MISLEAD
DV
Thing being measured
Descriptive Statistics
Mean median mode
Double blind
Pps and researcher unaware of the aim
Ecological validity
How well a study reflects everyday/real life situations
Ethics
DRIPP D-deception R-right to withdraw I- informed consent P-privacy P-protection from harm
Alternate hypothesis
Predicts one variable will affect another
Hypothesis
A testable statement
Inter-rater reliability
Comparing the findings of 2+ obsevers checking for consistency
Nominal data
Data in separate categories
Observer bias
Person who is observing is influenced by expectation
•focus on what they want to see
One tailed hypothesis
Directional
Qualitative data
NON numerical
•written
•rich in detail
•gained through observation/interview
Quantitative data
Numerical
Can be statistically analysed
Repeated measures
Uses same pps in each condition
Single blind
Pps not aware of the aims but experimenter is
Social desirability
Participants answer in a way to portray themselves in a good light
Two tailed
No direction
Validity
Whether a researcher has measured what they intended
Face validity
Extent to which a study measures what its aim states it wants to find out
Volunteer bias
In a self selected sample pps may have specific characteristics which lead them to volunteer e.g being more highly motivated
•therefore don’t represent target population
Why is a Test-re-test method used?
Checks reliability
•same question/interview/test given to the same pps on 2 diff occasions to see if the same results are obtained
Target population
The wider group of people that the research findings should apply to
Self selected/volunteer sample
Participants respond to an advert
Scatter graph
Used as a representation of a relationship
Define “sampling”
Gatherings a manageable number of people to represent the target population
What is a random sample?
Every member of the target population has an equal chance of being selected
What is meant by using an “opportunity sample”?
Involves anyone who is available and willing to partake at the moment in time
When would “counter balance” be used?
To overcome order effects
•in a repeated measure design
• ensures each condition is tested first or second equal amounts of time
Control condition
The condition which provides a baseline measure allowing the effect of the experimental treatment to be assessed
Coding system
Can be used in structured observations as a systematic way of recording behaviour
Attrition
The loss of participants from a study over time
•leads to small/bias sample
•usually in longitudinal studies
Altruism
If someone is altruistic they’re out to please someone
What is the difference between inter and intra reliability?
INTER= consistency between 2+ observers when observing the same behaviour
INTRA= how consistent the measure is between 2+ studies
