Social And Cultural Diversity

Question 1

America has been called the most diverse country on the face of our planet. Counseling a client from a different social and or cultural background is known as. 

Answer 1

Cross cultural counseling, multicultural counseling, , and intercultural counseling 

Question 2

Culture refers to 

Answer 2

Customs shared by a group which distinguishes it from other groups.

Value shared by a group that are learned from others in the group.

And attitude, beliefs, art and language, which characterizes member of a group often passed from generation to generation. 

Question 3

Our culture is more diverse than in the past. Multicultural counselors, often work with persons who are culturally different. This means the client 

Answer 3

Belongs to a different culture from the helper 

Question 4

In order to diagnose clients from a different culture

Answer 4

The counselor ideally will need some information regarding the specifics of the culture 

Question 5

In the United States, each Socio economical group represents 

Answer 5

A separate culture

Question 6

Which therapist was not instrumental in the early years of the social psychology movement 

Answer 6

Berne

Question 7

Blank and blank would say that regardless of culture humans have an instinct to fight 

Answer 7

Freud and Lorenz

Question 8

Blank, believe that aggression is learned. Thus a child who witnesses, aggressive behavior in adult may imitate  the aggressive behavior. 

Answer 8

Social learning theorist


Question 9

The APGA, which became the AACD until 1992, and is now the ACA, contribute to the growth of cross cultural counseling by 

Answer 9

The 1972 formation of the association for non-white concerns in personall, and guidance, later, known as the association for multicultural, counseling and development 

Question 10

Daniel Levinson proposed a controversial stage crisis few theory with several major life transition. He… 


Answer 10

Wrote the 1970 classic seasons of a man’s life and the 1997 sequel seasons of a woman’s life,

and postulated a midlife crisis for men between ages 40 to 45 and poor women approximately five years earlier  

Question 11

The three factors which enhance interpersonal attraction are 

Answer 11

Close proximity, physical attraction, similar beliefs

Question 12

The term contextualism implies that  

Answer 12

Behavior must be assessed in the context of the culture in which their behavior occurs 

Question 13

Carol Gilligan, although she was an assistant to Lawrence Kohlberg, was critical of his theory of moral development 

Answer 13

As she felt, it was more applicable to males than females 

Question 14

Blank helped to popularize the multicultural counseling movement 

Answer 14

The civil rights movement 

Question 15

When a counselor speaks of a probable outcome in a case, he, or she is technically referring to 

Answer 15

The prognosis 

Question 16

When a counselor speaks of what he, or she believes must transpire from a psychotherapist standpoint, here she technically is referring to 

Answer 16

Recommendations


Question 17

The 1971 famous Stanford prison experiment conducted by Philip Zimbardo, demonstrated that 

Answer 17

People conform to social roles 

Question 18

A wealth of research demonstrated that 

Answer 18

In most instances, clients prefer a counselor of the same race and similar cultural background 

Question 19

The frustration and aggression. Siri is associated with. 

Answer 19

John dollards and Neil Miller


Question 20

A popular, cognitive consistency or balance theory in social psychology is blank cognitive dissonance theory 

Answer 20

Festingers

Question 21

Culture is really a set of rules, procedures, ideas and values shared by members of a society. Culture said to be normative. That implies that. 

Answer 21

Culture provides individuals with standards of conduct 

Question 22

Assistance a call Norm measures actual contact, while cultural norms 

Answer 22

Describe how people are supposed to act 

Question 23

Moors are beliefs and social customs 

Answer 23

Regarding the rightness or wrongness of behavior 

Question 24

Blank was the first pioneer to focus heavily on social, cultural issues 

Answer 24

Frank parsons, father of guidance 

Question 25

A counselor who is part of a research study will be counseling clients in the polar regions, and then at a point near the equator. Her primary concern will be  

Answer 25

National culture and ecological culture 

Question 26

Biological similarities and sameness are indicated by 

Answer 26

Universal culture 

Question 27

Early vocalization in infants 

Answer 27

Is nearly identical in all cultures around the globe 

Question 28

In the 1920s, Emory Bogardus developed a social distance scale, which evaluated 

Answer 28

How an individual felt towards other ethnic groups 

Question 29

According to the foot in the door, compliance technique, which has two distinct steps, a counselor who needs to make a home visit to a resistant clients home 

Answer 29

Should asked to come in the home 

Question 30

Most countries have an official language, a stated viewpoint, and a central government. This is reflected, mainly by. 

Answer 30

National culture 

Question 31

Where, as a culture is defined, primarily via norms and values, a society differs from a culture in that a society 

Answer 31

Is self perpetuating independent group which occupies a definitive territory 

Question 32

Ethnocentrism 

Answer 32

Uses one’s own culture as a yardstick to measure all others 

Question 33

All of these statements are ethnocentric, except 

Answer 33

The gross domestic product in the United States exceeds the figure in Mexico 

Question 34

Ethnocentrism 

Answer 34

Is not universal and promotes stability and pride, yet danger in the nuclear age 

Question 35

Regardless of culture, the popular individual 

Answer 35

Has good social skills 

Question 36

Social exchange theory, postulates that 

Answer 36

A relationship will endure if the rewards are greater than the cost 

Question 37

Balance theory, postulates 

Answer 37

A move from cognitive inconsistency to consistency, and a tendency to achieve a balanced cognitive state 

Question 38

Most individuals believe that people whom they perceive as attractive 

Answer 38

Have other positive traits 

Question 39

A counselor who works primarily with older adults, needs to be aware that 

Answer 39

Surprisingly, financial security and health are the best predictors of retirement adjustment 

Question 40

Most experts would agree that a multicultural counselors diagnosis 

Answer 40

Must be done within cultural context 

Question 41

A counselor who seeing a client from a different culture would most likely expect blank, social conformity than he, or she would from a client from his or her our own culture 

Answer 41

Les 

Question 42

In terms of diagnosis,

Answer 42

A clients behavior could be sane and appropriate in one culture, yet disturbed and bizarre in another 

Question 43

In the United States, a frequent practice is to see a perfect stranger for therapy 

Answer 43

In other cultures, it would not be the norm to see a stranger and receive pay for providing help 

Question 44

According to the cognitive dissonance theory of Leon Frysinger, a woman has an approach approach conflict. She has her choice of beautiful silver watch an equally stunning gold watch. Both are different brands. She feels the silver model will be perfect for some of her jewelry and outfits, while the gold is ideal for other jewelry and modes of dress. She chooses the silver watch. 

Answer 44

She will read positive reviews on the silver watch, and possibly negative reviews about the gold watch after the Purchased, to justify her behavior and reduce post decisional dissonance 

Question 45

A woman who is being robbed 

Answer 45

Would find that the number of people who would respond to her distress actually decrease as the number of bystanders increase 

Question 46

A counselor reading this book says “I could care less about passing my comprehensive exam “this… 

Answer 46

Is an attempt to reduce dissonance by denial, thus minimizing tension. 

Question 47

The statement “even though my car is old and doesn’t run well, it sure keeps my insurance payment low“

Answer 47

Is an attempt to reduce distance via consistent cognition 

Question 48

In the case of an individual who purchases a $50,000 watch, cognitive distance theory, postulates that 

Answer 48

He or she might ignore positive information regarding other models and secure a lot of information regarding $50,000 platinum model. And he or she might focus heavily on negative information regarding rival models. 

Question 49

In the United States, middle and upper class citizen seem to want a counselor who 

Answer 49

Helps them work it out on their own 

Question 50

In a traditional culture, which places a high premium on authority figures 

Answer 50

Passivity on the part of the counselor would be viewed in a negative manner. A client would be disappointed. If he, or she did not receive advice. Assign homework and teachings on the part of the counselor would be appropriate. 

Question 51

Cognitive  distance research deals, mainly with

Answer 51

Cognitive and attitude formation 

Question 52

Parents who do not tolerate or his aggression when raising children produce 

Answer 52

Less aggressive children 

Question 53

Overall Rosharon person centered counseling 

Answer 53

Has been used more than other models to promote understanding between cultures and races 

Question 54

In intercultural/multicultural counseling, the term therapeutic surrender means 

Answer 54

The client psychologically surrenders him or herself to a counselor from a different culture, and becomes open with feelings and thoughts 

Question 55

The literature suggests these factors as helpful in promoting therapeutic surrender 

Answer 55

Report, trust, listening, conquering client resistance, and self disclosure 

Question 56

In terms of trust and therapeutic surrender 

Answer 56

It is easier to trust people from one’s own culture. Lower income people often. Don’t trust others from a higher social class. And lower income clients may feel that they will end up as losers dealing with a counselor from a higher social class. 

Question 57

And blink counselor would most likely have the most difficulty with self disclosure, when speaking to a white counselor 

Answer 57

African American male 

Question 58

According to simulation contrast theory, a client will perceive a counselor statement that is somewhat like his or her own beliefs as even more similar. He or she would perceive any dissimilar attitude as. 

Answer 58

Even more to similar 

Question 59

When counseling a client from a different culture, a common air is made with negative transference 

Answer 59

Is interpreted as therapeutic resistance 

Question 60

Counselor to have good listening skills 

Answer 60

Facilitate therapeutic surrender 

Question 61

Counselors can more easily advise 

Answer 61

Clients from their own culture 

Question 62

It is easiest to empathize with 

Answer 62

A client who is similar to you 

Question 63

In cross-cultural counseling, structuring is very important. This conserve the search that counseling is most effective.

Answer 63

When the nature and structure of the counseling situation is describe during the initial session


Question 64

A client from another culture wI’ll

Answer 64

Speak to the counselor differently from the way he or she would win speaking to someone of his or her own background 

Question 65

An African-American client tells a white counselor that the dance she went to last night was “bad“ though she literally means it was good. The counselors misunderstanding could best be described as. 

Answer 65

Connotative error 

Question 66

A monolingual US counselor 

Answer 66

Speaks only English 

Question 67

Blank was a prime factor in the history of multicultural counseling 

Answer 67

The 1954 Supreme Court decision, brown, versus the Board of Education, which outlawed public school segregation 

Question 68

Multicultural, counseling, promotes 

Answer 68

Eclecticism 

Question 69

Multicultural counselors, often adhere to the emic view. That word emic . 

Answer 69

Is cultural, specific perspective, the word phonemic meaning sounds in a particular language. 

Question 70

A practicum supervisor who says to his or her supervisee “you can deal with your Asian American clients the same as you deal with anyone else” is espousing the 

Answer 70

The Etic viewpoint, dried from the phonetic referring to sounds, that remain the same in any language 

Question 71

The statement “all humans from all cultures. All races and all nations are more alike than different quote is based on the. 

Answer 71

Etic viewpoint

Question 72

A counselor is confronted with his or her first Native American client. After the initial session, the counselor secures several books which delineate the cultural aspects of Native American life. She discovers that there are over 560 federally recognized tribes in the United States. This counselor is most likely believes in the 

Answer 72

Emic view point

Question 73

An Asian, American counselor says to an African-American client, if you’re unhappy with the system, get out there and rebel. You can change the system. This is the blank viewpoint for coping with the environment. 

Answer 73

Autoplastic 

Question 74

A young Latino male is a victim of discrimination. His counselor remarks “I hear you are saying, and I will help you change you were thinking, so this will not have such a profound impact on you“ in this case, the counselor had to adjusted. 

Answer 74

The autoplastic method of coping

Question 75

You were counseling a client from a different culture. She cannot move her right arm, but has been examined by some of the finest physicians, and they cannot find any physical reason for her condition. The irony is that she is there to work on some personal issues, but states for rightly that the total lack of mobility in her arm does not bother her unless it is not issue to deal with in the counseling session. The most likely explanation Would be 

Answer 75

She has conversion disorder, and la belle indifference 

Question 76

Positive transference is to love or affection as negative transference is to hostility, and as ambivalent transference is to 

Answer 76

Uncertainty 

Question 77

The word professionalism, in the context of multicultural counseling means 

Answer 77

All people must adjust to environmental and geological demands 

Question 78

A client whose counselor pushes the alloplastic viewpoint may believe his counselor is simply 

Answer 78

Attacking the system 

Question 79

Good multicultural counselors are 

Answer 79

Flexible 

Question 80

A client remarks “hey I am African-American, and it’s nearly impossible to hide it“ this illustrative of the fact that 

Answer 80

Race is not the same as ethnicity 

Question 81

Experts in the field of multicultural counseling, I feel that the counselors training 

Answer 81

Should be broad and interdisciplinary 

Question 82

Doing cross cultural counseling 

Answer 82

Makes counselors increasingly aware of cultural differences 

Question 83

Ford Henry Allport created the concept of social facilitation. According to this theory, an individual who is given the task of memorizing a list of numbers well. 

Answer 83

Perform better if he or she is part of a group 

Question 84

In social psychology, the sleeper fact, asserts, that

Answer 84

After a period of time, one forgets the communicator, but remembers the message 

Question 85

In 1908, books by blank, helped to introduce social psychology in America

Answer 85

McDougall and Ross 

Question 86

Blank is associated with obedience and authority 

Answer 86

Stanley Milgram’s, a noted psychologist 

Question 87

Milgram discovered that normal people would administer, seemingly fatal electric shocks to others when instructions to do so we’re given by a person perceived as  

Answer 87

An authority figure 

Question 88

The tendency to affiliate with others 

Answer 88

Is the highest in firstborns and only children 

Question 89

A client tells his counselor that he has a choice of entering one of to prestige PhD counseling programs. Kurt Lewin would called this an. 

Answer 89

Approach - approach conflict 

Question 90

When a person has two negative alternatives, it is called an… 

Answer 90

Avoidance - avoidance conflict 

Question 91

A male client tells his counselor that he is attracted to “a gorgeous woman who is violent and chemically dependent“ this creates an

Answer 91

Approach - avoidance conflict 

Question 92

According to Charles Osgood and Perry Tenenbaum’s congruity theory, a client will except suggestions more readily, if 

Answer 92

The client likes the counselor 

Question 93

An adept, multicultural counselor 

Answer 93

Usually supports the salad bowl model of diversity 

Question 94

A classic experiment in social psychology was conducted by the social psychologist Muzaffar sheriff at all at a boys, summer camp near Roberts cave, Oklahoma. The important finding in the study was. 

Answer 94

A cooperative, or so-called subordinate, goal attained only by working in a joint manner, can bring to hostile groups together, thus reducing competition and enhancing cooperation 

Question 95

Sex role stereotyping would imply that 

Answer 95

A counselor would only consider traditional feminine careers for his female client, and a male counselor would rate a female client emotional status differently than he would a male client 

Question 96

The statement “whites are better than African-Americans“ illustrates 

Answer 96

Racism 

Question 97

In terms of research related to affiliation 

Answer 97

Misery loves and miserable company, firstborns are more likely to affiliate  than other children born later, and people affiliate in attempt to lower fear 

Question 98

Six persons attend a counseling group. After the group, five members praise the merits of a group activity, assigned by the group leader. The six person, who has heard the opinion of the other five, felt the activity was useless and boring. According to studies on social behavior, about 1/3 of the time, the six individual would most likely tell the other five that 

Answer 98

He too, felt the group activity was very helpful 

Question 99

The client who would most likely engage in introspection, would be a 

Answer 99

52 year old, single, African  American male school administrator 

Question 100

The Japanese client who was reluctant to look you in the eyes during her counseling session, would most likely be displaying 

Answer 100

Normal behavior within the context of her culture